3.8 rising tensions

Question 1

A ) culturally mixed societies

Answer 1

for a large number of countries a significant part of their total population consists of immigrants

the pace of growing diversity (immigration) has been helped by several processes linked to globalisation:
- open borders (EU freedom of movement eg 250,000 French living in London (2015))
- FDI (encouragers TNC workers to move overseas, in 2015 UK tracked 32,000 jobs from overseas companies investing in software and finance)
- deregulation of some job markets
- humanitarian crises creates large numbers of refugees

in the UK, approx 500,000 immigrants have been arriving on average each year

migrants need housing, jobs, education, healthcare etc. which can lead to rising tensions as these services become under strain (too many people)

Question 2

A ) tensions as a result of increases migration

Answer 2

1. racial tensions and a rise of extremism
   - immigration can also cause resentment within host c. popn. and migrants have become the victims of harassment and violence.
   - anti- immigration political parties have been on the rise since 2010 EG in France the Front National is becoming increasingly popular
2. trans- boundary water conflicts
   - EG the MEKONG river that runs through China, Cambodia and Thailand, number of dams built in c21st affecting water flows downstream creating tensions and conflict

Question 3

B ) controlling the spread of globalisation

Answer 3

efforts have been made in some countries to limit the impact of globalisation using government policy
EG
1. censorship in China and N. Korea
- internet banned in N. Korea and in China the internet is allowed but censored prevent spread of ‘Western’ ideas

2. limiting immigration
   - countries like UK and Australia seek to reduce migrant flows through a point based system
3. trade protectionism
   - still common: oil exports are banned in USA (all domestically produced oil must be used in USA), India restricts foreign companies investing in its retail sector to protect Indian small shopkeepers from competition

Question 4

C ) attempts to retain cultural identity

Answer 4

C/S The First Nations in Canada
- the original population of Canada, existing before European immigrants
it attempts to prevent cultural erosion by globalisation:
- assembly of FN promotes their rights at a national level within Canada
- modern FN schools teach native languages and traditions
- within Indian Reservation territories bands are largely self governing
- festivals and meetings to preserve traditions such as oral history
- 100 FN and Inuit Cultural Education Centres funded by Canadian gov to help preserve