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3.0 hardware > 3.7 > Flashcards

3.7 Flashcards

1
Q

Laser printer

A
  • Combine a laser, high voltage, charged ions,
    powdered ink, heat, and paper
  • Very high quality
  • Fast printing speeds
  • Very complex, many moving parts, requires on-printer
    memory and messy on the inside
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2
Q

Imaging drum

A
  • Image is drawn onto a photosensitive drum
    –“Painted” with a laser
  • Picks up toner - Transfers toner to the paper
  • Can be separate from the toner cartridge or combined
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3
Q

Fuser assembly

A

Heat and pressure - Melt plastic toner powder
–Permanently bond toner to paper

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4
Q

Transfer belt and roller

A
  • Color laser printers
    –Cyan, yellow, magenta, black
  • Four separate toner cartridges
  • Image is transferred from all cartridges to the single belt
    –And then to a single transfer rolle
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5
Q

Pickup rollers

A
  • Pickup paper - Should be a single page at a time
    –Problems if no paper is picked up
    or multiple sheets are picked
  • Should be periodically cleaned or replaced
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6
Q

Separation pad

A
  • Pull just the top sheet from the paper tray
    –Not multiple sheets
  • Small and inexpensive - Easy to clean or replace
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7
Q

Duplexing assembly

A
  • Printers usually print on a single side
    –Not both sides simultaneously
  • Printing on both sides is a two step process
    –Print side one, print side two
  • You need mechanisms to “flip” the page
    –Automatically
  • Can be built-in to the printer
  • Or available as an add-on
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8
Q

Replacing the toner cartridge

A

Look for the messages– Low doesn’t mean empty

  • The toner can also contain the OPC drum– Organic Photoconductor drum– Sensitive to light; keep it in the bag
  • Power down the printer– Safety first
  • Remove packing strips from the new drum. Replace it with the old/
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9
Q

Laser printer maintenance kit

A

Laser printers wear out– All those moving parts– Heat and pressure

  • Standard maintenance kits– Replacement feed rollers, new fuser unit, etc.
  • When to perform maintenance?– Check the printer’s page counter
  • Power down and replace the components– Fuser units are HOT
  • Reset the page counter when you’re done!
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10
Q

Laser printer calibration

A
  • Different toner cartridges print with different densities– Some dark, some light
  • Laser printer calibration can adjust the density– Makes it looks perfect
  • Can be automated or a manual process– Every printer is different– Check the printer manual
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11
Q

Inkjet (ink-dispersion) printer

A
  • Relatively inexpensive technology
  • Quiet
  • High-resolution
  • Expensive ink
    –Proprietary
  • Eventually fades
  • Clogs easily
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12
Q

Ink cartridge

A
  • Place drops of ink onto a page
    –Pulled from a set of cartridges
  • CMYK - Cyan, Magenta, Yellow, Key (black)
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13
Q

Print head

A

Some consumer printers integrate the print head into the ink cartridge
–Change the cartridge, get a new print head

  • Others separate the ink cartridge from the print head
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14
Q

Feed rollers

A
  • Pick up and feed paper through the printer
    –Must be clean and not worn
  • Duplexing
    –Print on both sides of the paper
    –Included with some printers
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15
Q

Carriage and belt

A
  • Ink cartridges are moved over the paper
    –Carriage may include its own print head
  • Belt moves the carriage back and forth
    –Another moving part
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16
Q

Inkjet printer calibration

A
  • Align nozzles to the paper
    –Lines should be crisp
    –Colors should align
  • Printer includes a calibration option
    –May need to make minor adjustments
17
Q

Cleaning print heads

A

Small droplets of ink - And small holes in a print head

  • Clogged heads is a big issue
    –Many printers automatically clean every day
    –Output has streaks or sections of missing color
  • Cleaning process can be started manually
    –Only takes a few minutes
  • Some print heads/cartridges can be removed
    –Manually cleaning may help
18
Q

Replacing inkjet cartridges

A
  • Usually separate colors
    –Cyan, Magenta, Yellow, and Key (CMYK)
    –Some cartridges will combine these
  • Takes seconds to replace
    –Takes a few minutes to calibrate and
    prepare the cartridge
  • Recycle the empty cartridge - All plastic
19
Q

Clearing jams

A
  • Lots of turns and twists
    –A jam is inevitable
  • Remove tray paper
    –Any loose paper
  • Remove paper from the path
    –Firm pressure, don’t rip
  • Check for any scraps of paper
  • Remove all loose paper
20
Q

Thermal printer

A
  • White paper
    –Turns black when heated
    –No ink!
  • VERY quiet
    –Almost silent
  • Paper is sensitive to light and heat
    –And clear tape
21
Q

Feed assembly

A
  • Pull paper through the printer
    –Relatively small paper path
22
Q

Heating element

A
  • Full-length heating element
    –No moving print head
23
Q

Thermal paper

A
  • Paper covered with a chemical
    –Changes color when heated
  • Cash registers, credit card terminals
    –And quiet areas
  • Looks like normal paper
    –Feels a bit different
24
Q

Thermal paper replacement

A
  • Relatively inexpensive– But impossible to substitute
  • Different sizes– Not like laser printer paper - Keep a list
  • Actual replacement process is easy – Simple paper feed– Small device
25
Q

Cleaning the heating element

A
  • Liquid cleaner– Isopropyl alcohol (IPA)– Get a cleaning pen– Check manufacturer’s recommendations
  • Swab gently - Usually small areas
  • Use a cleaning card– Cleans the head and paper pathways
26
Q

Removing debris

A
  • Relatively small amount– Paper bits and dust– No toner!
  • Blow out the printer– Take it outside
  • Wipe it out– Damp cloth
  • Avoid using a vacuum– Unless it’s designed for compute
27
Q

Dot-matrix (impact) printers

A
  • Print head with a small matrix of pins– Presses against a ribbon to make a mark on paper
  • Good for carbon/multiple copies
  • Low cost per page
  • NOISY
  • Poor graphics
  • Relatively niche use cases
28
Q

Printer ribbon

A
  • Fabric– One long ribbon - Never ending circle
  • Easy to replace - Once single unit
  • Proprietary size - Specific to printer model
29
Q

Tractor Feed

A
  • Paper pulled through with holes on the side of the paper– Instead of using friction
  • Continuous paper feed– Perforations between pages
  • Holes have to line up perfectly– Tractor paper can be perforated to remove holes
30
Q

Printer ribbon replacement

A
  • Single ribbon - Self-contained - One long circle
  • Replace when ink becomes too light– Ink is eventually consumed
  • Designed to be modular - Replace in less than a minute
31
Q

Print head replacement

A
  • Takes a lot of abuse - Directly hits the ribbon and paper
  • Gets hot - Watch your fingers– Another modular part - Look for a release lever or bar
  • Replace with the ribbon for the be
32
Q

Replacing paper

A
  • Not as easy as a laser printer– Paper must feed perfectly into holes– Tractor feed
  • Forms must be positioned correctly– Text needs to fit a predefined space
  • Paper must feed without constraint
  • Make sure nothing is in the way
33
Q

3D printers

A
  • “Print” in three dimensions– Create a 3D item based on an electronic model
  • Additive manufacturing– Build in layers to create the object– No machining process required
  • Rapid prototyping– Design and create relatively quickly and inexpensively
  • Deploy designs anywhere in the world– Or into space
34
Q

Filament printing

A
  • Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM)– Melt filament to print 3D objects– This is probably the printing type you’ve seen
  • Print a layer, move up,print another layer– Watch the printer create the object
  • Good all-around printer– Larger print bed than resin printers– Easy to manage filament– Minimum of mess– Fewer disposal issues
35
Q

Resin printing

A
  • Stereolithography (SLA) 3D Printing– Smooth and finely detailed 3D prints
  • Resin is hardened using a light source– Ultraviolet light or a laser– Layers are added to the bottom– Entire print hangs from the build platform
  • Resin must be handled properly– Wear protective gear– Take unused resin to your local
36
Q

The print bed

A
  • A flat adhesive surface– The foundation of a 3D print– Everything builds on that first layer
  • Needs to be level and clean– Prints “stick” to the bed
  • Filament printing– The print bed is the printing surface– Many different print bed options
  • Resin printing– The “bed” is the location where the resin is
    hardened by the UV light

3.0 hardware (7 decks)

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