36 phylum of bacteria Flashcards
Heat-loving bacteria found in hot springs, involved in hydrogen metabolism; Aqua-lovers – Think of them as bacteria that love water and heat.
Aquificae
Thermophilic, with a unique “toga” or sheath-like structure, found in geothermal environments; Toga-wearing Heat Lovers – Imagine them wearing a toga and thriving in heat.
Thermotogae
Thermophilic, involved in sulfur reduction, found in hot springs and deep-sea vents; Sulfur-Sniffing Hot Bacteria – They love sulfur and hot environments.
Thermodesulfobacteria
Thermophilic, anaerobic bacteria that decompose organic material in hot environments; Hot Compost Bacteria – Think of them as bacteria found in hot compost piles.
Coprothermobacter
Thermophilic, produce polysaccharides (sticky substances), found in hot springs; Sticky Web Bacteria – Imagine them as forming sticky webs in high temperatures.
Dictyoglomi
Candidate phylum, detected through environmental DNA sequencing; Operational Bacteria – A “mystery” phylum 9 often found in specific environments.
OP-9
Photosynthetic, often found in hot springs, involved in carbon cycling; Flexible Chlorophyll – These bacteria are flexible in their energy sourced.
Chloroflexi
Thermophilic, anaerobic, found in hot springs.; Hot Cereal Bacteria – Imagine bacteria living in hot “cereal-like” environments.
Caldiserica
Includes Streptomyces (antibiotics producers) and pathogens like Mycobacterium tuberculosis; Action Heroes – Producers of antibiotics, acting as “heroes.”
Actinobacteria
Candidate phylum, identified through environmental DNA, not well studied; Wetland Secrets – Lesser-known bacteria found in wetlands.
WS1
Found in soil and aquatic environments, involved in carbon cycling; Armor-clad Bacteria – Tough bacteria, possibly armored like knights
Armatimonadates
Unique internal compartments, involved in nitrogen cycling; Plan and Compartmentalize – Bacteria with compartmentalized cells.
Planctomycetes
Detected in environmental samples, not much is known about their biology; Operational Phylum 3 – Another “mystery” group often found in specific environments.
OP-3
Obligate intracellular pathogens, cause diseases like chlamydia in humans; Chlamydia – Remember the well-known pathogen causing chlamydia.
Chlamydiae
Found in soil and aquatic environments, important in carbon cycling; Warty Microbes – Irregular cell shape, like warts.
Verrucomicrobia
Candidate phylum, mostly identified through environmental DNA from marine samples; Oceanic Secrets – A mysterious group from oceanic environments.
OS-K
Found in aquatic environments, important in nitrification; Nitrogen Spirals – Involved in the nitrogen cycle, converting nitrite to nitrate.
Nitrospira
Acidophilic, widespread in soils, play a role in organic matter decomposition; Acid-Lovers – Bacteria that thrive in acidic environments.
Acidobacteria
Symbiotic bacteria often found in insect guts, involved in cellulose degradation; Inside Microbes – Bacteria that live inside other organisms.
Endomicrobium
Candidate phylum, identified through environmental DNA, involved in organic matter degradation; Amino-lovers – Bacteria involved in the breakdown of amino acids.
Aminicenantes
Anaerobic, often found in animal guts, involved in the degradation of organic matter; Synergy Bacteria – Bacteria that work together with others.
Synergistes
Anaerobic, found in deep-sea hydrothermal vents, involved in iron and sulfur cycling; Iron Reducers – Bacteria that reduce iron in anaerobic environments.
Deferribacteres
Photosynthetic, produce oxygen, found in aquatic environments; Blue Sky Bacteria – Known for their blue-green color and oxygen production.
Cyanobacteria
Involved in fermentation and common in the human gut; Firm and Strong – Thick-walled, Gram-positive bacteria.
Firmicutes
Involved in cellulose degradation, found in the guts of herbivores; Fiber Eaters – Bacteria that help digest fibrous plant material.
Fibrobacteres
Candidate phylum, identified through marine environmental samples, biology is not well understood; Aquatic Enigmas – Bacteria found in marine environments, still enigmatic.
Marine Group A
Anaerobic, photosynthetic, found in low-light, sulfur-rich environments; Green Sulfur Bacteria – Use sulfur instead of oxygen in photosynthesis.
Chlorobi
Extremely resistant to radiation and desiccation, found in extreme environments; Radiation Warriors – Bacteria that survive extreme radiation and heat.
Deinococcus-Thermus
Break down complex molecules, common in the human gut, important in digestion; Gut Helpers – Bacteria that aid in digestion in the gut.
Bacteroidetes
Includes bacteria that cause Lyme disease and syphilis, move in a corkscrew motion; Spiral Killers – Pathogens with a spiral shape.
Spirochaetes
Candidate phylum, identified through DNA sequencing, biology is not well understood; Mystery Group – Another lesser-known or “mystery” phylum.
TM6
Candidate phylum, identified through environmental DNA, biology is largely unknown; Wetland Secrets – Bacteria found in wetland environments, not well studied.
WS - 6
Found in various environments, including the human mouth, involved in carbohydrate metabolism; Sugar Eaters – Bacteria that break down sugars.
Saccharibacteria
Candidate phylum, identified through DNA sequencing, little is known about their biology; Tiny Genomes – Bacteria with very small genomes
Microgenomates
Anaerobic, found in the human mouth and gut, can cause diseases like periodontitis; Fusiform Bacteria – Rod-shaped bacteria, some of which are pathogenic.
Fusobacteria
Includes both beneficial bacteria and many pathogens like E. coli; involved in nitrogen fixation; Protective Bacteria – Largest and most diverse group, including many pathogens.
Proteobacteria
