3.6 Further mechanics and thermal physics Flashcards
What are the requirements for an object to move in circular motion at a constant speed?
Motion in a circular path at constant speed implies there is an acceleration and requires a centripetal force.
(Centripetal force acts towards the center of the circle)
Which factors affect the centripetal force?
↑ Mass of the object → ↑ Centripetal force
↑ Speed of the object → ↑ Centripetal force
↑ Radius → ↓ Centripetal force
How do you calculate angular speed?
(Velocity) / (radius)
2(pi)f
Only works for radians
How do you calculate centripetal acceleration?
(m*v^2)/r
m * ω ^2 * r
What are the 2 conditions required for SHM?
The acceleration of a body is proportional to its displacement from the equilibrium position.
The acceleration acts towards equilibrium position.
What is the equation for acceleration in SHM?
a = - ω^2 * x
What is the equation for displacement in SHM?
x = A * cos(ωt)
Displacement = (amplitude ) * cos[(2 pi * frequency)(time)]
What is the equation for velocity in SHM?
v = 土 ω * sqrt [A ^2 - x ^2]
What are the 2 main examples of simple harmonic motion?
Pendulums
Mass on a spring
What is the equation for maximum speed in SHM?
v = ωA
Velocity = (2pi * frequency) * (acceleration)
What is the equation for maximum acceleration in SHM?
a = ω^2 * A
Acceleration = (2pi * frequency)^2 * (acceleration)
Which factors affect the period of a pendulum?
The length of the string
What happens when a system is under damped?
The system oscillates before coming to a stop.
What happens when a system is critically damped?
This is the smallest amount of damping required for a system not to oscillate.
What is over damping?
More damping than critically damped.
