(3.6-10B) Reproduction, DNA and Protein Synthesis - Paper 1

Question 1

Explain advantages of sexual reproduction compared to asexual.

Answer 1

• Variation is present in the offspring.
• Humans can speed up natural selection through selective breeding.

Question 2

Explain advantages of asexual reproduction compared to sexual.

Answer 2

• There is no need to find a mate.
• It is faster.

Question 3

Explain the role of cell division by meiosis.

Answer 3

Meiosis produces 4 haploid daughter cells with half as many chromosomes as the diploid parent cell.

Question 4

Describe the structure of DNA.

Answer 4

• DNA is a polymer.
• Two strands coil to form a double helix.
• Complementary base pairs connect the strands by weak hydrogen bonds.
• Each nucleotide has a base, a deoxyribose sugar and a phosphate group.

Question 5

Define a genome.

Answer 5

A genome is the entire DNA of an organism.

Question 6

Define a gene.

Answer 6

A gene is a section of a DNA molecule