3.5 Symbiosis Flashcards

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1
Q

Define ‘Symbiosis’

A

A co-evolved intimate relationship between two members of different species

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2
Q

Give an example of a symbiotic relationship

A

Plants and Bees

Lichens (Green Algae and Fungus)

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3
Q

What are the two types of symbiosis?

A

Parasitism and Mutualism

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4
Q

Describe Mutualism

A

Mutualism is a symbiotic relationship where both organisms in the relationship benefit

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5
Q

Give examples of mutualism

A

Mitochondria/Chloroplasts and eukaryotic cells

Algae and Fungus (to make Lichen)

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6
Q

Define Parasitism

A

Parasitism occurs when one organism, the parasite, benefits in terms of energy or nutrients, whereas the host is harmed by the loss of these resources.

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7
Q

Give an example of a parasitic relationship

A

Plasmodium (Malaria) and Humans

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8
Q

What are the three ways a parasite can be transmitted?

A

Direct Contact
Resistant Stage
Vector

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9
Q

What is a ‘resistant stage’ in a parasitic life cycle?

A

A resistant stage is a part of parasitic life cycle where the parasite is able to survive adverse environmental change

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10
Q

Describe the relationship between algae and fungus in Lichen

A

It is a MUTUALISTIC relationship
Algae benefits by receiving nutrients from fungus
Fungus benefits by receiving glucose from algae

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11
Q

Parasitism is one form of symbiosis. Name another form.

A

Mutualism

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12
Q

Define ‘Interdependence’

A

The dependence of two (or more) things on each other.

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13
Q

What is a primary host?

A

A host where the adult parasite lives and reproduces sexually

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14
Q

What is the secondary host?

A

A host where immature versions of the parasite lives and is needed for the parasite to mature and complete their life cycle before infecting the primary host.

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