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A2 CHEM UNIT3 > 3.5 Chemical Kinetics > Flashcards

3.5 Chemical Kinetics Flashcards

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1
Q

Define rate of reaction

A

Change in concentration of a reactant or product per unit time

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2
Q

What is meant by order?

A

The order with respect to a reactant is the power to which the concentration of the reactant is raised to in the rate equation

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3
Q

What is meant by the rate constant, k?

A

The constant that links the rate of reaction with the concentration of reactants raised to the powers of their orders in the rate equation

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4
Q

What is meant by sampling and quenching?

A
  • reaction where conc can be found in titration
  • take small sample and place in salt and ice to stop reaction
  • titrate or colorimeter
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5
Q

How to calculate rate

A

Chnage in conc
———————-
Time

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6
Q

Zero order graph

A
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7
Q

First order graph

A
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8
Q

Second order graph

A
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9
Q

Define half life

A

The time taken for the concentration of a reactant to reduce by half

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10
Q

What happens to k when temperature increases?

A

temp increase = rate increase = k increasw

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11
Q

What does a high value of k mean?

A

Fast reaction

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12
Q

What does a low value of k mean?

A

Slow reaction

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13
Q

What is meant by the rate determine step?

A

The slowest step in the multistep reaction mechanism

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14
Q

What is the Arrhenius equation used for?

A

To calculate the fraction of molecules that have energy above the activation energy, and from this the rate of reaction

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15
Q

Arrhenius equation

A

K = Ae ^(-Ea/RT)

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16
Q

Equation for A

A

A = k
—————
e^(-Ea/RT)

17
Q

Equation for T

A

T = Ea
———————
R x (lnA - lnk)

18
Q

What is e^-(Ea/RT) ?

A

Fraction of collisions with energy over Ea

19
Q

Equation for Ea

A

Ea = (lnA - lnk) x RT

20
Q

Equation for k

A

lnk = lnA x Ea
——
RT

21
Q

Gradient on Arrhenius plot

A

-Ea
——
R

22
Q

Intercept on Arrhenius plot

A

lnA

23
Q

Explain what is meant by the term quenching and why it needs to be carried out

A
  • quenching is the sudden stopping of a chemical reaction in a sample
  • ensure sample composition does not change between taking sample and analysis, or during analysis
24
Q

What is meant by sampling and quenching?

A

Removing samples from reaction mixture at regular intervals and stopping the reaction

A2 CHEM UNIT3 (9 decks)

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