3.4 Organic Compounds Flashcards
covalently bonded compound that contains carbon
organic compound
an organic compound composed only of carbon and hydrogen
hydrocarbon
a class of energy giving nutrients that includes sugars, starches, and fiber; composed of one or more simple sugars bonded together
carbohydrate
a type of biochemical that does not dissolve in water; fats and steroids are lipid
lipid
a molecule that is made up of amino acids that is needed to build and repair body structures and to regulate processes in the body
protein
a molecule made up of subunits called nucleotides
nucleic acid
used to show how atoms in a molecule are connected
structural formulas
also known as alkane; a hydrocarbon in which each carbon atom in the molecule shares a single bond with each of the four other atoms
saturated hydrocarbon
ethene or ethyne; a hydrocarbon in which at least one pair of carbon atoms share a double bond or a triple bond
unsaturated hydrocarbon
compounds that contain two carbon atoms connected by a double bond
alkenes
hydrocarbons that contain two carbon atoms connected by a triple bond
alkynes
organic compounds that are made by living things
biochemicals
gives plant cell walls their rigid structure
cellulose
applies energy to muscle cells
glycogen
biochemicals that are composed of “building blocks”
amino acids
