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300 Electrical Fundamentals > 330 Basic Electricity > Flashcards

330 Basic Electricity Flashcards

1
Q

The symbol E is used to represent what in electricity?

A

Voltage

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2
Q

What happens to the total resistance in a wire, if its length is doubled?

A

The resistance is doubled

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3
Q

In an electrical circuit, what is the name of the unit used in measuring current?

A

Ampere

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4
Q

Atoms consist of_______.

A

Protons, neutrons, & electrons

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5
Q

The nucleus contains __________.

A

Protons & neutrons

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6
Q

Why doesn’t the nucleus of the atom containing the positive protons fly apart due to their repulsive action on each other?

A

The nucleus is held together by forces which are even stronger than the electrical forces. This nonelectrical force is called the
attractive nuclear force.

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7
Q

What is the outermost shell of an atom?

A

Valance shell

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8
Q

What formula is used to calculate shell capacity?

A

An easy way to remember a shell’s capacity
is by using the formula 2n^2, where ‘n’ is the number of the shell.

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9
Q

If the valance shell of an atom contains ________, the electrons can ________ , making the substance _________.

A

fewer than four
the electrons can be easily dislodged
a good conductor

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10
Q

Atoms with more than four electrons in their valance shell are said to be?

A

good insulators

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11
Q

What are 3 ways in which electrons can be dislodged from their valance shell?

A

heat
chemical energy
subjecting the atom to electrical fields

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12
Q

Electrons in ________ valance shells are more stable than electrons in _________ valance shells.

A

completed
incomplete

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13
Q

What makes copper an excellent conductor?

A

The fact that its valance shell contains only one electron.

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14
Q

When the valance shell of an atom contains fewer than ________ electrons, the electrons can be easily dislodged making it a ________ conductor.

A

4
good

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15
Q

Materials such as _________ make good conductors.

A

gold
silver
& copper

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16
Q

What 3 methods can be applied to dislodge and electron from it’s valance shell?

A

the application of heat
the use of chemical energy
by subjecting the atom to electrical fields

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17
Q

What are two examples of good insulators?

A

glass
& rubber

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18
Q

When an atoms contains 4 or more electrons in its valance shell it is a good __________.

A

insulator

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19
Q

Static electricity is electricity at ________.

A

rest

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20
Q

Electrons are neither created nor destroyed, but are

A

either displaced or transferred to another material

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21
Q

LIke charges will?

A

repel

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22
Q

Unlike charges will?

A

attract

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23
Q

The energy created by the tendency of the atom to return to its neutral state is what is harnessed to manipulate electricity to perform work.

A

This rule works everywhere but the atom itself, where all the protons are located in the nucleus and all the electrons stay in their respective shells.

24
Q

electron flow
high to low

A

The flow of electrons will continue until both ends of the conductor reach a common electrical potential or no potential difference across the conductor.

25
Q

electrical properties of atoms and ion

demonstrate how voltage is measured in a basic circuit

demonstrate how voltage drops are measured around a cicuit

A
26
Q

What is electron current flow and the electron current flow theory?

A

Current flow is the movement of electrically charged particles in a given direction. This current flow is explained as the movement of electrons being repelled from a negative source and attracted to a positive terminal. This is referred to as the electron current flow theory.

27
Q

Define voltage.

A

A unit of electrical potential difference and
electromotive force equal to the difference of potential
between two points in a conducting wire carrying a constant
current of one ampere when the power dissipated
between these two points is equal to one watt and equivalent
to the potential difference across a resistance of one
ohm when one ampere is flowing through it.

28
Q

How is voltage generated?

A
29
Q

Voltage is electrical pressure caused by

A

opposing charges

30
Q

Voltage is required to move _______ through a circuit.

A

current

31
Q

Voltage is also referred to as

A

the difference of electrical potential or electromagnetic force (EMF) that exists between two quantities of unequal charges

32
Q

There are many ways by which voltage or a difference in potential can be established such as

A

by friction
thermal energy
magnetic induction
chemical action (battery)
solar cell (converts photons to electrical energy)

33
Q

If opposite chargers are connected by a conductor, the electrical pressure or voltage will cause (blank) in the wire.

A

electron/ current flow

34
Q

The unit of electrical pressure is called the

A

volt

35
Q

An electrical pressure between any two points in a circuit is called _____ , ______ or ______ .

A

voltage, electromotive force (EMF) or difference of potential.

36
Q

The resistance of the circuit must be overcome by the voltage across the circuit before the current will flow.

A
37
Q

Opposition to current flow is referred to as _______.

A

resistance

38
Q

Overcoming the pull from the nucleus is what causes current flow.

A
39
Q

The greater the attraction the greater the _______.

A

resistance

40
Q

What is the unit of measure for resistance?

A

the ohm

41
Q

If the potential is large or the resistance is small, the resultant current will be large

A
42
Q

If the potential is small or the resistance is large, the resultant current will be small.

A
43
Q

How is resistance in materials affected?

A

Resistance in materials can be affected in 4 ways:
the type of material
the length of the material
cross-sectional area
temperature

44
Q

AC vs DC

A
45
Q

In most materials, an increase in _____ will _____ resistance.

A

temperature
increase

46
Q

The resistance of carbon __________ as the temperature _________.

A

decreases
increases

47
Q

Resistance directly effects how much current can flow.

A
48
Q

The component or components affected by current flow in a circuit are collectively called the load

A
49
Q

If a given size of wire is doubled in length, the resistance will be _______.

A

doubled

50
Q

If the cross-sectional area of a given size of wire is doubled, the resistance will ______.

A

be halved

51
Q

E subscript S

A

voltage source

52
Q

load or resistance

A

R subscript 1

53
Q

The symbol for current is ______.

A

I

54
Q

as electrons flow through a load they lose energy this causes the voltage on one side of the load to be higher than the other side developing a difference of potential across the load.

A
55
Q

voltage drop
there is an important difference between a voltage produced by a source and a voltage drop across a resistance

A
56
Q

constant source voltages that will cause current to flow in the same direction at all times and at the same level are referred to as direct current

A
57
Q

alternating current continually changes direction and magnitude

to change the direction of current, the positive and negative terminals of the energy source must continually reverse

A

300 Electrical Fundamentals (11 decks)

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