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NPLQ Training > 3.3 First Aid > Flashcards

3.3 First Aid Flashcards

1
Q

Priorities of first aid

A

Preserve life
Alleviate suffering
Prevent situation from getting worse
Promote casualty recovery

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2
Q

Contents of a first aid box

A

Sterile dressing
Sling
Safety pins
Wipes
Disposable gloves
Pocket mask
Foil Blanket
etc

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3
Q

Hygiene procedures

A

Wear disposable gloves and apron
Wash hands before and after treatment
Dress any of your own cuts first
Don’t cough/sneeze on the wound

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4
Q

Difference between a sign and a symptom

A

A sign is what you can observe, a symptom is what the casualty tells you

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5
Q

What is a primary survey

A

Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation

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6
Q

Treatment for an unconscious casualty

A

Complete a primary survey and do CPR if necessary
Loosen clothes around neck, chest, waist
Recovery position
Record every 10 mins
Don’t give them food or drink

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7
Q

Signs and symptoms of heart attack

A

Dizziness, nausea
Tingling in left arm
Rapid, weak pulse
Pale grey skin
Coughing
Blue lips
Clutching chest
Collapse

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8
Q

Treatment for heart attack

A

Call 999/112
Half sitting position
Loosen clothing around neck and waist
Be prepared to perform CPR
Advise taking 300mg aspirin pill

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9
Q

Signs and symptoms of shock

A

Dizziness
Confused
Disoriented
Blue skin and lips
Weak, rapid pulse
Rapid, shallow breathing
Unconsciousness

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10
Q

Treatment for shock

A

Get casualty lying with legs up
Loosen clothing around breathing areas
Treat the cause of shock
Keep them warm
Don’t give food and drink
Call 999/112

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11
Q

Signs and symptoms for asthma attack

A

Breathing difficulties
Wheezing
Struggling to talk
Pale skin

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12
Q

Treatment for asthma attack

A

Reassure
Comfortable position
Ask if they have medication
Assist them in taking medication
Keep them warm
Call 999/112 if:
Unconscious, or lasts longer than normal

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13
Q

Signs and symptoms of anaphylaxis

A

Swollen tongue, lips, hands
Rashes
Difficulty breathing
Vomiting

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14
Q

Treatment for anaphylaxis

A

Ask them if they have an auto-injector
Call 999/112
Remove them from the source
Monitor casualty, be prepared to do CPR

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15
Q

Signs and symptoms of hyperventilation

A

Rapid, shallow breathing
Weak, rapid pulse
Panic
Dizziness

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16
Q

Treatment for hyperventilation

A

Remove casualty from source
Reassure them and encourage them to breathe slowly and deeply
Give slow sips of water
Be prepared to call 999/112

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17
Q

Purposes of dressings

A

Prevent severe blood loss
Prevent infection

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18
Q

Difference between a burn and a scald

A

Burn is dry, scald is wet

19
Q

Treatments for burns and scalds

A

Pour cool running water over the burn for at least 10 mins
Don’t remove clothing from burn
Remove jewellery
Cover with a dressing

20
Q

Signs and symptoms of electric shock

A

Two burns (entry and exit point)
Pain
Jolt
Unconsciousness

21
Q

Treatment for electric shock

A

Isolate power source
Don’t touch the casualty with conductive things
Call 999/112
Complete primary survey
Treat for shock
If unconscious, recovery position

22
Q

4 types of fracture

A

Open - penetrates skin
Closed - doesn’t penetrate skin
Complicated- injury to major blood vessels, lungs, nerves, etc
Greenstick - bent

23
Q

Signs and symptoms of sprains and strains

A

Swelling
Bruising

24
Q

Treatment for sprains and strains

A

Rest
Ice
Comfortable position
Elevation

25
Q

Difference between a sprain and a strain

A

Sprain is ligaments, strain is muscles

26
Q

Treatment for cramp

A

Help casualty stretch muscle
Encourage rest

27
Q

Signs and symptoms of head injuries

A

Dizziness
Short term memory loss
Headache
Bleeding or depression in head

28
Q

Treatment for head injury

A

Call 999/112
Encourage casualty to lie down, keep spine in line

29
Q

Signs and symptoms of eye injuries

A

Itchy
Pain
Watering
Red
Inability to open eye

30
Q

Treatment for eye injuries

A

If there is a foreign body in the eye, wash it out with sterile solution/tap water and pour away from eye.
If one eye won’t open, close other eye.
Arrange medical attention

31
Q

Treatment for dental injuries

A

Place ice pack on cheek
Retrieve broken parts
Place tooth back in socket (or in milk if not possible
Seek immediate attention from dentist

32
Q

Treatment for fainting

A

Primary survey
Treat for shock

33
Q

Signs and symptoms of stroke

A

Face
Arms
Speech
Time

34
Q

Treatment for stroke

A

Call 999/112
Lie casualty down with head and shoulders raised
Reassure
Monitor
If unconscious, recovery position

35
Q

Poisoning treatments

A

Move casualty to safe place
Remove cause
Do not induce vomiting
If unconscious, recovery position
Call 999/112
Be prepared to do CPR

36
Q

Treatment for insect bites

A

Wipe bite away with a credit card

37
Q

Signs and symptoms of hypoglycaemia

A

Faintness
Confusion
Pale skin
Shallow breathing
Sweating

38
Q

Treatment for hypoglycaemia

A

Give them a sugary drink
Be prepared to call 999/112 and perform CPR if necessary

39
Q

Signs and symptoms of a seizure

A

Sudden collapse
Rolling eyes
Blue lips
Muscles clench and back arch

40
Q

Treatment for seizures in water

A

Support casualty to keep face out of water
Allow limbs to move, but guide casualty away from any hazards
Once finished, remove from pool
Monitor breathing, usual steps

41
Q

Treatment for seizures out of water

A

Remove objects which could cause harm
Protect head by putting pillow underneath
Loosen clothing around breathing areas
Time seizure
Monitor casualty, usual steps

42
Q

When should you call 999/112 for seizures?

A

If it lasts longer than 5 mins
If there is a second seizure
If there has been a serious injury
If it is the casualty’s first every seizure
If the casualty doesn’t wake up for 10 mins afterwards
If the seizure if different to usual

43
Q

What is a secondary survey?

A

Comprehensive check on everything.
Scan whole body
Check for bruising, bleeding, discolouration, etc
Ask questions

44
Q

What three things should you do after an accident?

A

Clean up
Fill up
Write up

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