3.3 - 3.4 Vocab

Question 1

a plasma membrane that forms a boundary between a cell and the outside environment and controls the passage of materials into and out of a cell

Answer 1

cell membrane

Question 2

a molecule composed of 3 basic parts: a charged phosphate group, glycerol, and 2 fatty acid chains

Answer 2

phospholipid

Question 3

describes the arrangement of the molecules that make up a cell membrane

Answer 3

fluid mosaic model

Question 4

means it allows some, but not all, materials to cross

Answer 4

selective permeability

Question 5

a protein that detects a signal molecule and performs an action in response

Answer 5

receptor

Question 6

the movement of molecules across a cell membrane without energy input from the cell, the diffusion of molecules across a membrane

Answer 6

passive transport

Question 7

the movement of molecules in a fluid or gas from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration

Answer 7

diffusion

Question 8

the difference in the concentration of a substance from one location to another

Answer 8

concentration gradient

Question 9

movement across a semipermeable membrane from an area of higher water concentration

Answer 9

osmosis

Question 10

the solution has the same concentration of dissolved particles as the cell

Answer 10

isotonic

Question 11

a solution that has a higher concentration of dissolved particles than a cell

Answer 11

hypertonic

Question 12

a type of steroid that regulates the fluidity of the cell membrane - at low temperatures, it keeps the phospholipids spread out

Answer 12

cholesterol

Question 13

has a hydrophilic phosphate head (H20) (loving)
and has a hydrophobic fatty acid tail (scared)

Answer 13

phospholipids

Question 14

allows cells to stick to each other to form tissues and organs

Answer 14

cell adhesion

Question 15

glycoproteins and glycolipids act as markers on the surface of cells - these help the cells recognize their cells as their own and attack unknown ones

Answer 15

cell recognition

Question 16

the sending a receiving that cells send to the signaling molecules (cells need to communicate with other cells)

Answer 16

signaling molecules

Question 17

channel proteins and carrier proteins move ions and large or polar molecules in and out

Answer 17

transport

Question 18

a solution that has a lower concentration of dissolved particles than a cell

Answer 18

hypotonic

Question 19

the diffusion of molecules across a membrane through transport proteins

Answer 19

facilitated diffusion