3.3 Flashcards
Characteristics of fungi
Domain: Eukarya
Cell type: Eukaryotic
Number of cells: Most are multicellular (yeast is unicellular)
Nutrition: Heterotrophic -> by absorption
Cell wall: made of chitin
Method reproduction: Asexual/sexual
what is Hyphae?
threadlike filament that makes up the basic structurer of the fungi
Structure of fungi: Mycelium
Complete network of branching hyphae which grow in nutritious substances increases surface area for absorption of nutrients
what is a Fruiting body
think of how fungi reproduce
The spore producing reproductive structure
Fungi nutrition
Fungi get nutrition by absorbing organic material from the environment
release digestive enzymes which breakdown complex molecules into smaller organic components
organic components are then absorbed through the cell walls
type of nutrition: mutualistic
- form partnerships with organisms called mycorribiza
- mycelia cover the roots of the plant increase absorption of plant roots
-fungi receive sugar from plants
fungi reproduction: Asexual
producing spores.. think mitosis
- fungi reproduce genetically identical spores
Fungi reproduction: Sexual
- fungi are not male or female they are plus or minus
- hyphae of plus fungi fuse with hyphae of minus fungi
- spores produce are genetic hybrids of each fungi
Phyla of fungi: Fungi imperfecta
imperfect= no sexual phases!
- no known sexual phases
-penicillium is greenish mould often seen on fruit
-antibiotic penicillin is produced from this fungi
Phyla of fungi: Chytrids
Asexual reproduction
-synchytrium endobiotium is a parasitic fungus that causes potato wart disease
Phyla of fungi: zygospore fungi
sexual reproduction/asexual
- common moulds, found on old food
phyla of fungi: sac fungi
Sexual
-yeast,asexual reproduction (budding)
phyla of fungi: Club fungi
Sexual
- mushrooms, puffball
fungi reproduction
-all fungi reproduce by reproducing spores
-spores are carried by the wind or water
-spores land in a support enviorment (moist and warm) then begin to produce mroe fungi
