3.2.3.4 - Active Transport Flashcards

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1
Q

The movement of molecules or ions AGAINST a concentration gradient using ATP and carrier proteins is describing…

A

Active transport

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2
Q

Difference between active transport and facilitated diffusion

A
  1. active transport uses ATP
  2. Active transport uses only carriers (FD uses channels and carriers)
  3. Active transport moves molecules against their concentration gradient
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3
Q

Differences between active transport and osmosis

A
  1. Active transport moves solutes or ions osmosis water moves
  2. Active transport uses a carrier to transport a molecule across the plasma membrane, osmosis water moves through the membrane directly
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4
Q

In active transport what does the molecule that is moving bind to on the carrier molecule?

A

A receptor/binding site

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5
Q

After the molecule has bound to the receptor on the carrier (in active transport), what happens next?

A

ATP binds to the carrier on the opposite side, it splits into ADP and Phosphate (P) (releasing energy) causing the carrier to change shape, allowing the entry of the molecule.

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6
Q

Why do some cells like root hair cells possess so many mitochondria?

A

Because they transport mineral ions against a concentration gradient. This requires energy

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7
Q

What is unique about the carrier proteins used in active transport?

A

they have a specific tertiary structure

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8
Q

Where is active transport used in humans?

A

Gut/Small intestine - absorption of glucose

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9
Q

How is low levels of glucose absorbed in the small intestine?

A

Using Na co transporter - ATP used indirectly

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10
Q

Which form of cell transport requires energy?

A

active transport

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11
Q

Which type of protein are involved in active transport?

A

carrier proteins

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12
Q

rate of active transport is affected by..

A
  1. speed of carrier molecules
  2. number of carrier molecules
  3. rate of respiration - ATP availability
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13
Q

How does more carrier molecules affect active transport?

A

increases the rate

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14
Q

How does an inhibitor of respiration affect active transport?

A

Less or NO ATP produced to rate of active transport reduced

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15
Q

Where does the energy for active transport come from?

A

Hydrolysis of ATP (produced in respiration)

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