3.23.14* Lothstein - Principles of Carcinogenesis

Question 1

Skipper Model postulates

Answer 1

a. tumor cell can be completely eradicated using effective single agents in regimen or single doses of multiple agents
b. cancer is entirely curable

Question 2

Gompertzian cell growth model

Answer 2

a. growth is initially rapid and then plateaus due to outgrowth blood/nutrient supply

Question 3

Goldie-Coleman Hypothesis

Answer 3

a. mutations randomly occur that confer cellular resistance to chemotherapeutic drugs
b. the bigger the tumor is, the more likely a portion will be resistant.

Question 4

What are the ways a tumor can be resistant to chemo?

Answer 4

a. kinetic: slow growing tumor or poor vascularization
b. pharmacological resistance: systemic non-absorption, enhanced liver metabolism
c. cellular resistance: mutations

Question 5

Norton-Simon hypothesis

Answer 5

a. tumors are composed of faster growing susceptible cells and slower growing more resistant cells
b. effective chemo needs sequential, non-cross-resistant regimens