3.2.1.1 Particles and Radiation: Constituents of the atom Flashcards
What are the basic components of the atom?
Positively charged nucleus with protons and neutrons
Electrons which orbit the nucleus
What is a nucleon?
A proton or neutron in the nucleus
What is the size of an atom and nucleus?
atom = 10^-10 m
nucleus = 10^-15
What is the charge of a proton?
+1.60*10^-19 C
What is the mass of a proton?
1.67*10^-27 kg
What is the relative charge of a proton?
1
What is the relative mass of a proton?
1
What is the charge of an electron?
-1.60*10^-19 C
What is the mass of an electron?
9.11*10^-31 kg
What is the relative charge of an electron?
-1
What is the relative mass of an electron?
1/1840
What is the charge of a neutron?
0 C
What is the mass of a neutron?
1.67^10^-27 kg
What is the relative charge of a neutron?
0
What is the relative mass of a neutron?
1
What is an ion?
An atom that has lost or gained electrons
What is an isotope?
Atoms with the same number of protons and different numbers of neutrons
What is the nucleon number?
The total number of protons and neutrons in the atom.
Also called mass number
What is a nuclide?
Each type of nucleus
- a specific version of an atom, charaterised by the specific constitution of its nucleus
What is specific charge?
The specific charge of a particle is its charge divided by its mass