3.2.1 Particles Flashcards
3.2.1.1 Constituents of the atom 3.2.1.2 Stable and Unstable Nuclei 3.2.1.3 Particles, antiparticles and photons 3.2.1.4 Particle interactions 3.2.1.5 Classification of particles 3.2.1.6 Quarks and antiquarks 3.2.1.7 Applications of conservation laws
What is an atom?
An atom is an electrically neutral collection of electrons and protons which are equal
What is an element?
An element is a substance that cannot be broken down by chemical means into simpler substances
What is a nucleon?
A nucleon is a particle that makes up the nucleus, either a proton or a neutron
What is the nucleon number (A)?
The nucleon number (A) is the total number of nucleons in the nucleus (mass number)
What is an ion?
An ion is an atom that has gained or lost one or more of it’s electrons, giving a positive/negative charge
What is a nuclide?
A nuclide is the nucleus of a unique atom with a specific number of protons and neutrons
What is the proton number (Z)?
The proton number (Z) is the total number of protons in the nucleus (atomic number)
What is an isotope?
An isotope is an element with a different number of neutrons in the nucleus (different A)
What is the charge (C) of a proton?
Proton charge = 1.6*10^-19 Coulombs
What is the mass (Kg) of a proton?
Proton mass = 1.67*10^-27Kg
What is the charge (C) of a neutron?
Neutron charge = 0 Coulombs
What is the mass (Kg) of a neutron?
Neutron mass = 1.67*10^-27Kg
What is the charge (C) of an electron?
Electron charge = -1.6*10^-19 Coulombs
What is the mass (Kg) of an electron?
Electron mass = 9.11*10^-31
What is specific charge?
Specific charge is how the charge of the particle is shared out over how much mass there is
How do you work out specific charge?
Specific charge = charge/mass
CKg^-1 C Kg
What is a strong nuclear force?
The strong nuclear force is a
