321 - Midterm Flashcards
Levels
Level 1: K-2
Level 2: 3-4
Level 3: 5-6
PE class routine
Routine - always keep the same! Example - students sit down on line, wait quietly, tie shoes.
Set-up equipment, create safety boundaries.
Introduction (5 mins) - warm up (do an easy game rather than running) Skill-development (20 mins) - ind>partner>group Cool down (5 mins) - calm/stretch/review
Statement of Beliefs
Make sure equal treatment and everyone reaches full potential.
- All children are able to reach full potential and all children are treated equal
- Teaching is an art and science of helping children reach their full-potential
- All children are unique individuals
- Provide challenges and help each child become self-learners that will seek new challenges.
5 Aims of PE
A physically educated person:
Has learned the skills necessary to perform a variety of activities.
Is physically fit.
Participates in regular physical activity.
Knows the benefits of being involved.
Values physical activity and its contribution to a healthy lifestyle.
Aims and Beliefs
PE:
WE NEED TO TEACH EACH CHILD TO DEVELOP AND MAINTAIN AN ACTIVE LIFESTYLE
- requires competencies, know, desire and fitness as a foundation for their present and future active lifestyle.
- through PE activities and the experiences of self-esteem: self-direction and cooperative behaviour will be achieved.
PE NEEDS TO BE ENJOYABLE AND SUCCESSFUL EXPERIENCE FOR EVERY CHILD
GOALS OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION
- PHYSICAL FITNESS AND WELL-BEING
- GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT
- BODY MANAGEMENT AND PHYSICAL SKILLS
- UNDERSTANDING HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
- ACTIVE LIFESTYLE
- ENJOYMENT THROUGH PLAY
- FOSTER INTELLECTUAL GROWTH
- PERSONAL AND SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT
- SELF-IMAGE
- CREATIVE TALENTS
Cooperative Games/Cooperative Learning
APPROACH/METHOD/TECHNIQUE THAT ENABLES AND ENCOURAGES CHILDREN TO WORK TOGETHER IN GROUPS TOWARD A COMMON GOAL
- FUN
- COOPERATION
- EQUALITY
- PARTICIPATION
- SUCCESS
- TRUST
COOPERATIVE GAMES
MINIMAL SKILLS NEEDED
PROBLEM SOLVING
KNOTS - UPPER ELEM
ANIMAL FIND - YOUNGER ELEM
ARRANGE IN A LINE W/O WORDS - CAN ADJUST FOR AGE GROUP
WHEN MAKING GROUPS…
- CAN MAKE YOUR OWN GROUPS TO VARY SKILL LEVEL
- DRAW POPCYCLE STICKS
- STUDENTS MUST MAKE EYE CONTACT
- RAISE FINGERS TO INDICATE THEY KNOW WHAT GROUP THEY ARE IN
- GO TO DESIGNATED AREA ASAP!
EFFECTIVE PE TEACHERS:
CHOOSE DEVELOPMENTALLY APPROPRIATE ACTIVITIES BY UNDERSTANDING CHILDREN’S GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENTAL STAGES
- CHILDREN WHO PARTICIPATE IN INAPPRORIATE ACTIVITIES RISK SERIOUS INJURY
- FULL CONTACT FOOTBALL INAPPROPRIATE FOR ELEMENTARY (SERIOUS BLOWS TO THE BODY CAN AFECT BONE AND TISSUE GROWTH)
- PHYSIOLOGICALLY, PSYCHOLOGICAL, MOTIVATIONAL AND SOCIOLOGICAL IMPACTS OF DEV APROP ACTIVITIES
PHYSICAL GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT
- DIFFICULT TO MEASURE BODY FAT IN CHILDREN
- 20-25% OF ELEM OBESE
OEBSE CHILDREN
- IS A SPECIAL NEEDS TO ACCOMODATE
- HAVE DIFFICULTY PERFORMING ALL MOTOR SKILLS
- DISPLAY FATIGUE EARLY (CAN LEAD TO UNSUCCESSFUL/UNPLEASURABLE EXPERIENCE
- IEP IS NECESSARY FOR THESE STUDENTS
BODY TYPES
ECTOMORPH - TALL/THIN
MESOMORPH - PROPORTIONATE
ENDOMORPH - FAT/OBESE
SKELETAL GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT
- BONES ALWAYS GROWING
- GROWTH FROM CENTER TO ENDS
- USE APPROPRIATE WEIGHT BEARING ACTIVITIES FOR PROPER STRENGTHENING
- BONES ARE SOFT AND FLEXIBLE, BUT CARE STILL NEEDS TO BE TAKEN
- BUILD/STRENGTHEN BONES: PA AND WEIGHT BEARING
PHYLOGENETIC - PREDICTABLE SEQUENCE OF MOVEMENT DEV (CRAWL>WALK)
ONTOGENETIC - NOT APPEARING AUTOMATICALLY (SWIMMING, SKATING), MUST BE TAUGHT
MOVEMENT, BODY, SPATIAL AND RHYTHMIC AWARENESS
MOVEMENT AWARENESS: BODY RECEIVES THROUGH FIVE SENSE, INTERPRET TO MAKE DECISIONS
BODY AWARENESS: RELATIONSHIP OF BODY PARTS TO ONE ANOTHER AND IDENTIFY PARTS
SPATIAL AWARENESS: DEPTH AND DISTANCE
RHYTHMIC AWARENESS: DEVELOP SENSE OF TIME, AUDITORY AWARENESS VITAL TO R-AWARENESS
LEARNING MOTOR SKILL
- THROUGH PRACTICE!
INITIAL > INTERMEDIATE > AUTOMATIC
- USE LEAD-UP GAMES TO DEVELOP THEIR SCHEMA FOR A MOTO ACTIVITY
HOW TO TEACH AND HOW THEY LEARN
PRINCIPLE OF INTEREST: create success, needs/abilities/desire to learn
PRINCIPLE OF PRACTICE: proper form and repeat drills to maintain skill
PRINCIPLE OF DISTRIBUTED PRACTICE: extra practice if interest is high, change if not. Short period of intense (children tire quickly, but recover quickly)
PRINCIPLE OF VARIABLE PRACTICE: blocked > variable (2 skills)
PRINCIPLE OF SKILL SPECIFICITY: provide varied activities to allow for individual differences
PRINCIPLE OF WHOLE-PART LEARNING: going over it over and over again. Part-learning (materials divided into portions, mastered and then combined)
PRINCIPLE OF TRANSFER:
PRINCIPLE OF SKILL IMPROVEMENT: reinforcement, positive, individual differences, time for practice,
PRINCIPLE OF FEEDBACK: internal and external, cues, not all the time
pg. 52-66
FUNDAMENTAL MOTOR SKILLS
LOCOMOTOR:
NON-LOCOMOTOR:
MANIPULATIVE:
NEED TO DEVELOP THESE IN ELEMENTARY YEARS!
- NEED TO DEVELOP TO BE SUCCESSFUL IN OTHER ACTIVITIES