3.2: survery Flashcards
surveys
method of gathering information from participants via self report
when can surveys be conducted?
outside the lab during times or events of everyday life
online surveys
- always available
- in response to a choice
- study participation
- federal agency data for population
in person questionnaire
-study participation
- in response to choice or event
- assessment for services
interviews
- study participation
- in response to a choice or event like a stressful life event
- assessment for services
what does construct validity depend on?
- good match of the type of information needed with the feasibility of self-report in your target population
- good match of quality of questions
when to use self report
What people think they are doing
What people think they remember
What people think is influencing their behavior
Experiences only accessible to the person
Attitudes and judgements
Exploring a question because method is low cost
Accessing a large and representative sample that spans multiple geographic locations
when not to use self-reports
Precise analysis of behavior
Precise details or confidence for memories of events
What may actually be influencing their behavior
When self-report not possible for a population
open ended questions
allow the participant to fill in the response in any way they like
what do open ended questions provide?
rich data but hard to code
when to use open ended questions?
Sensitive or socially disapproved behaviors
Research questions on explicit content of a self-generated response or information implicit in response
Preliminary research
force choice questions
give a limited set of options and participants must choose one
what is a pro and con of force ended questions?
easy to code and analyze but loss of rich data
likert type
to what extent a statement is a characteristic of you
semantic differential
more open-ended rating on numeric scale anchored with bipolar adjectives
leading questions
elicit bias by using non-neutral words in framing question
double-barreled questions
ask two or more questions in one
negatively worded questions
often difficult to interpret
especially with Likert scales
good questions for good survery
open ended and forced choice
what to avoid in surveys
Phrases associated with bias
Leading questions
Double-barreled questions
Negatively worded questions
response sets
refer to when participants give consistent responses across questions to save time, rather than accurately answering each question
reverse-wording questions
can help avoid some response sets
fence sitting
refers to when participants are hesitant to choose extreme answers and always opt for neutral responses
how to avoid fence sitting?
could try to avoid neutral responses by removing the options
