3.2 How did the use of the secret police change through the period 1917-1985

Question 1

explain the attacks on the opponents of government

Answer 1

Cheka intensified during Red terror on 1921, 22. Up to 200,000 opponents were shot.

Question 2

explain the role of Yagoda

Answer 2

• used his influence to ensure there was no interference from regular courts
• used labour camps in really hostile environments to provide a pool of labour for exploiting econ resources.
• white sea canal - used 180,000 labourers from the Gulag and made under budget

Question 3

explain the role of Yezhov

Answer 3

• sped up process of trial, arrest and imprisonment.
• rose number of inmates in Gulags to meet quotas of executions.
• surveillance of general public increased
• group of people who were considered opponents was widened.
• liked torturing people

Question 4

explain the role of Beria

Answer 4

• more effective and productive- didnt kill random people.
• only did public trials where solid evidence was available
• improved conditions in gulags like rations

Question 5

the role of yagoda, yezhov and beria: changes to the role of the secret police during the second world war

Answer 5

• 1941 given some power of supervision of the Red Army
• NKVD given more control over deportations.

Question 6

the role of yezhov, yagoda and beria: post war rivalry

Question 7

the role of yagoda, yezhov and beria: the impact of the removal of Beria on the use of terror.

Answer 7

• Politburo moved quick to limit power of secret police

Question 8

the role of yagoda, yezhov and beria: responsibility for the apparatus of terror.

Answer 8

STALIN
- personally signed death warrants
- gave quotas to meet
- set out parametres for purges

YAGODA, YEZHOV, BERIA
- became leaders under their willingness to follow Stalin’s brutal orders

Question 9

Andropov’s supression of dissidents 1967-82. who were the dissidents

Answer 9

INTELECTUALS
- e.g. scientists

POLITICAL DISSIDENTS
- those concerned with human rights

NATIONALISTS
- called for greater independence of their own country

RELIGIOUS DISSIDENTS
- babtists and catholics

Question 10

andropovs supression of dissidents, 1967-82- actions taken against the dissidents

Answer 10

• surveillance and harassment
• threatened of expulsion from work
• houses searched
• no place at UNI
• hospitals for them to be placed in until they were cured

Question 11

andropovs supression of dissidents- the impact of the dissidents

Answer 11

• bad publicity

Question 12

thye continued monitoring of popular discontent- 1982-85

Answer 12

• secret police wore plain clothes so nobody could tell
• monitoring became more sophisticated
• used SP to clamp down on alcholism
• visited factories to talk to the workers
• appointed new gov advisors
• promoted younger, more reformist generation