3.2 Economic Change Flashcards
Give some examples of push factors?
- Shortage of jobs
- Low wages
- Poor standard of living
- Poor healthcare
- War or conflict
- Natural disasters/Poor environment
Why does the amount of secondary jobs rise as a country emerges but then decreases as it becomes developed?
The country firstly invests in manufacturing to attract foreign businesses but after they become wealthier they no longer need to make or sell manufactured products as they can invest in service jobs that earn more and are easier normally
Why are there so little workers in the primary sector in developed countries?
Developed countries often import products from developing countries where it is very cheap therefor lowering the need to have them made in their own country
What is meant by quaternary sector jobs?
Quaternary jobs are mainly research and developing e.g making cars faster, phones last longer, screens bigger etc…
What is informal employment?
Informal employment is not officially recognised so jobs aren’t taxed and the workers aren’t protected by any laws so can work for long hours in dangerous conditions for little pay
What is formal employment?
Formal employment is officially recognised and so workers are protected by laws (working hours, benefits, health and safety) and the workers pay tax on what they earn
Why are industries failing in developed countries?
The country often imports the product from where it is made cheaply (China and India) and so the secondary sector in their country goes in decline
Why does the urban population in developing countries sometimes decline?
Wealthier and older people will move to the rural part of the country for better life quality as many can work from home anyway
Why might a developing or emerging country invest in factories or stadiums?
They want to attract foreign investment which in turn offers more jobs for locals
Why might lots of people move to cities in emerging countries?
There are many jobs in secondary jobs such as manufacturing which may much more compared to primary jobs
What effect do TNC’s have to developing and emerging countries?
They offer higher paying jobs for educated people and for less skilled workers
Why is there much more informal labour in developing countries?
You don’t need to be a skilled or even very educated to sell stuff on the street so many national migrants do that
Why might informal labour not help the economy?
Informal labour means little or no tax if given to the government to improve the country
Why might people move to cities in developing countries?
People move to cities as the rural area is normally much poorer and they are searching for higher paying jobs
Give some examples of pull factors?
- More employment
- Higher wages
- Better standard of living
- Better healthcare and education
- Less crime and natural disasters
- Cleaner environment
