3.2 Chromosomes

Question 1

What is a genome?

Answer 1

The entire sum of an organism’s genetic information.

Question 2

Why do prokaryotes not have diploids?

Answer 2

Because they reproduce asexually

Question 3

What is a centromere?

Answer 3

The connection point between the two chromatids.

Question 4

Outside of mitosis, how many chromosomes are in a cell?

Answer 4

23 pairs, 46 chromosomes

Question 5

Inside mitosis, how many chromosomes are in a cell?

Answer 5

46 pairs, 92 chromosomes

Question 6

What are the difference between autosomes and sex chromosomes?

Answer 6

Sex chromosomes are what makeup whether a human is a male or a female. Example: Male or female characteristics.

22 + XY: 22 are the autosomes, XY are sex chromosomes for males.

Question 7

Compare the genome size in T2 phage, Escherichia coli , Drosophila melanogaster , Homo sapiens and Paris japonica .

Answer 7

Question 8

What do we call 4 chromatids together?

Answer 8

Tetrahd

Question 9

How many chromosome copies do down syndrome patients have?

Answer 9

3 chromosomes. They have 1 extra than the normal human being, which is considered an abnormality.