3.2 Cell Structure and Function

Question 1

What is the store house for most of the genetic information or DNA in your cells?

Answer 1

Nucleous

Question 2

What is the inter connected network of thin, folded membranes that produce, process, & distribute proteins?

Answer 2

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (Smooth ER)

Question 3

Tiny organelles that link amino acids together to form proteins are called what?

Answer 3

Ribosomes (rRNA)

Question 4

What consists of closely layered stacks of membrane enclosed spaces that process, sort, & deliver proteins to their final destination.

Answer 4

Golgi Apparatus

Question 5

Small membrane-bound sacs that divide some materials from the rest of the cytoplasm & transport these materials from place to place within the cell are called what?

Answer 5

Vesicles

Question 6

What supplies energy to the cell; are bean shaped and have two membranes?

Answer 6

Mitocondria

Question 7

The fluid-filled sac used for the storage of materials needed by a cell is called what?

Answer 7

Vacuole

Question 8

Membrane bound organelles that contain enzymes that break down old cell parts (viruses/bacteria) are called what?

Answer 8

Lysosomes

Question 9

What process occurs inside a chloroplast? What is the process?

Answer 9

• Photosynthesis
• Light energy is capture and used to convert water, carbon dioxide, and minerals into oxygen energy and energy-rich organic compounds

Question 10

What process occurs inside the mitochondria? What is the process?

Answer 10

• Phosphorylation

- A phosphate group is added to a molecule, such as sugar or protein

Question 11

What molecule carries instruction for making proteins from the nucleus to the rbosome?

Answer 11

Messenger RNA (mRNA)

Question 12

What are cylinder-shaped organelles that are made of short microtubules arranged in a circle?

Answer 12

Centrioles

Question 13

What is the rigid layer that gives protection, support, and shape to the cell?

Answer 13

Cell Wall

Question 14

Organelle composed of numerous membranes that are used to convert solar energy into chemical energy, and carries out the process of photosynthesis is called what?

Answer 14

Chloroplast

Question 15

List and describe the molecules and organelles involved in protein synthesis.

Answer 15

Cell organelles that participate in protein synthesis are Golgi bodies, ribosomes and endoplasmic reticulum. … Ribosomes and Endoplasmic Reticulum Ribosomes are the organelles responsible for protein translation and are composed of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and proteins.

Question 16

Stack of flat, membrane-enclosed spaces containing enzymes that process, sort, and deliver proteins is called what?

Answer 16

Golgi Apparatus

Question 17

A network of proteins, such as microtubles and microfilaments, inside a eukaryotic cell that supports and shapes the cell is known as what?

Answer 17

The Cytoskeleton

Question 18

A double membrane enclosing a cell nucleus and having its outer part continuous with the endoplasmic reticulum is known as?

Answer 18

The Nuclear Membrane

Question 19

RNA consisting of folded molecules which transport amino acids from the cytoplasm of a cell to a ribosome is what?

Answer 19

Transfer RNA (tRNA)

Question 20

What is the jelly like substance that contains dissolved molecular building blocks-such as proteins, nucleic acids, minerals, and ions?

Answer 20

Cytoplasm

Question 21

What is the dense region where tiny organelles essential for making proteins are assembled?

Answer 21

Nucleolus

Question 22

Small bodies in the nucleus of a cell that carry the chemical “instructions” for reproduction of the cell is known as?

Answer 22

DNA/Chromosomes

Question 23

Form of RNA that carries genetic information from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, where it serves as a template for protein synthesis is?

Answer 23

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (Rough ER)