3.2 Flashcards
How does the increase in temp. impact the RoR of enzymes? (8)
(1) Kinetic Energy = inc.
(2) molecules = move faster
(3) molecules = collide more
(4) more E-S complexes formed (faster RoR)
(5) once the temp. rises beyond the optimum temp, the bonds in the enzyme start to break
(6) the enzyme’s AS = changes shape
(7) substrate = fits less easily in the AS
(8) RoR = slows
Why is it advantageous to have a constant body temp of 37*? (2)
(1) other proteins = denature at higher temps
(2) any further rise in temp. = denaturation = permanent change
How does the change in pH impact the RoR of enzymes? (5)
(1) it ALTERS the CHARGES on the amino acids that make up the AS
(2) and causes the BONDS that maintain the enzyme’s TERTIARY STRUCTURE to BREAK
(3) so the AS permanently changes shape
(4) so no substrate can bind to the enzyme
(5) no E-S complexes formed
What is the arrangement of the active site determined partly by? (2 parts)
(1) by the hydrogen & ionic bonds…
(2)… between -NH2 & -COOH groups of the polypeptides that make up the enzyme.
How is enzyme action impacted when there’s a low conc. of substrates? (2)
(1) enzymes have a LIMITED number of substrate molecules to COLLIDE with
(2) the AS of enzymes AREN’T working at FULL CAPACITY
How is the RoR of enzymes impacted when there’s an intermediate conc. of substrates? (3)
(1) as more substrate is added, more AS are getting FILLED
(2)… until all of them are working as fast as they can.
(3) until the RoR reaches the Vmax
How is the RoR of enzymes impacted when there’s a high conc. of substrates? (3)
(1) no effect on RoR / reaction levels off
(2) because there’s an excess of substrate,
(3) as all of the enzymes are working at their maximum rate
