316 Test 1

Question 1

Young children are beleived to move through three brood stages of literacy developement as they learn to read and write. These three stages are

Answer 1

Emergent, beginning, and fluent

Question 2

Of the following, the most appropriate instructional technique for emergent readers and writers is

Answer 2

language experience approach

Question 3

when children learn that print is written and read from left to right and from top to bottom on a page, that are aquiring

Answer 3

directionality concepts

Question 4

children are usually at the emergent stages of reading and writing in

Answer 4

pre-kindergarten and kindergarten

Question 5

a group of kindergarten students enjoys playing in the pretend post office…

Answer 5

literacy play center

Question 6

children read words accurately, rapidly, and automatically and they read with expression at the

Answer 6

fluent stage

Question 7

literacy is a process which starts

Answer 7

before children begin school

Question 8

first grade teacher betty Mcintyre would like to provde scaffolding for students who are struggling to learn to read and write. of the following, an effective scaffolding technique would be

Answer 8

miscue analysis

Question 9

the language origin of words is referred to as

Answer 9

etymology

Question 10

Phonemes are classified as either consonants or

Answer 10

vowels

Question 11

One-syllable words can be divided into two parts known as the

Answer 11

onset and the rime

Question 12

of the following, it is most important for teachers to provide time for students to

Answer 12

apply the phonics they are learning in authentic reading and writing activities

Question 13

Because five-year-old Ryan enjoys watching movies…

Answer 13

interactive writing

Question 14

in the english language there are

Answer 14

44 phonemes

Question 15

Elkonin Boxes

Answer 15

Short Answer

Question 16

Difference between phonemic awareness and phonics

Answer 16

Short Answer

Question 17

Phonemic Awareness instruction helps children use the phonemic awareness strategies of

Answer 17

blending and segmenting

Question 18

Preschool teachers can nurture young children’s phonemic awareness with developmentally appropriate activities such as

Answer 18

singing songs and sharing word play books

Question 19

in the word cat, the rime is

Answer 19

at

Question 20

of the following, the best way for a teacher to monitor a child’s phonemic awareness developement is to

Answer 20

observe the child as he participates in phonemic awareness activities

Question 21

the alphabetic principle suggests that

Answer 21

there should be a one-to-one correspondence between phonemes and graphemes

Question 22

in most situations, phonic instruction should be completed by the end of

Answer 22

kindergarten

Question 23

the set of relationships between phonology (the sounds in speech)and orthography (the spelling patterns of written language) is referred to as

Answer 23

phonics

Question 24

the current way of looking at how children begin to read and write is called

Answer 24

emergent literacy

Question 25

the primary goal of Language Experience Activity is to show children

Answer 25

that their words can be written

Question 26

the concept that stories have a beginning, middle, and end is referred to as

Answer 26

Story structure

Question 27

children learn many concepts about print. among the concepts that children learn are…

Answer 27

letter and word concepts

Question 28

Children learn how to hold books and turn pages. They learn that the text, not the illustrations, carries the message. these concepts are referred to as

Answer 28

book-oriented concepts

Question 29

researchers suggest that the most effective method for teaching handwriting is

Answer 29

teacher modeling and supervision

Question 30

Young children move through three broad stages as they learn to read and write. Identify and describe the three stages.

Answer 30

Short Answer

Question 31

an intervention program designed to help first grade students reach grade level literacy standards is….

Answer 31

reading recovery

Question 32

when the faculty of the Brady School discussed instructional plans for students who are english language learners, the Principal correctly stated that….

Answer 32

Students who are English learners benefit from participating in the same instructional programs as mainstream classmates

Question 33

Piaget described learning as the modification of children’s cognitive structures or

Answer 33

Schema

Question 34

Vygotsky referred to the range of task between children;s actual developmental level and their potential developmental level as the

Answer 34

Zone of Proximinal Developement

Question 35

Of the following, the best example of an authentic literacy activity is

Answer 35

Discussing a book with a classmate

Question 36

the smallest units of sound are called

Answer 36

phonemes

Question 37

to best serve children and their families, research suggests that teachers should

Answer 37

schedule home and school partnership activities throughout the year.

Question 38

When he was three years old, Brian often walked down his street…

Answer 38

assimilation

Question 39

list and explain the 4 cueing systems which children and adults use as they read, write, listen and talk

Answer 39

short answer

Question 40

explain the term Balance literacy and identify three components of a alanced literacy program

Answer 40

short answer

Question 41

describe a major belief of each theorist: Jean Piaget, Lev Vygotsky,and John Dewey

Answer 41

short answer

Question 42

Bob Scott is meeting his new second-grade class in September. What steps can Mr. Scott take to establish community of learners in which children are motivatied to learn and are actively involved in reading and wiriting activities?

Answer 42

short answer

Question 43

the term emergent literacy was first used by

Answer 43

marie clay

Question 44

Young children often begin to recognize and read familiar words they see such as the names of fast food restaurants and toy stores and the logos on cereal boxes. this type of familiar print is referred to as

Answer 44

environmental print

Question 45

Some students in Mr. Bonhage’s fourth grade class are reading on a fourth grade level while others can read high-school level materials. This teacher should…

Answer 45

Differentiate instruction to meet each child’s needs

Question 46

The structural system that governs how words are combined into sentences in English is referred to as the

Answer 46

syntactic system

Question 47

The term which refers to the social aspects of language is

Answer 47

pragmatics

Question 48

the smallest meaningful units in language are

Answer 48

morphemes

Question 49

small homogeneous groups of children meet with a teacher to read a book at their instructional level when they participate in

Answer 49

balanced literacy reading programs

Question 50

the word unwanted contains

Answer 50

three morphemes

Question 51

third grade teacher Bea Taylor carefully selects books for her students because she believes that children use their knowledge of literature…

Answer 51

inquiry learning

Question 52

George Harris is a kindergarten teacher. Many of his students have poor phonemic awareness. What activities could Mr. Harris use to improve the phonemic awareness of his students

Answer 52

short answer

Question 53

When teachers examine a child’s invented spellings, they learn more about the child’s understanding of

Answer 53

phonology

Question 54

A term which refers to the spelling system is

Answer 54

orthohraphy

Question 55

Children’s attempts to spell words that reflect their developing knowledge about the spelling system are known as

Answer 55

invented spelling

Question 56

Many young children string scribbles, letters, and letter like forms together but do not associate the marks they make with specific phonemes. Children exhibiting these behaviors are in the stage of spelling development known as

Answer 56

emergent spelling

Question 57

Children enter the letter name-alphabetic stage of spelling developement when they can

Answer 57

write wrods with the CVCe pattern

Question 58

Two of the most important ways that children learn to spell are

Answer 58

daily reading activities and writing activities

Question 59

Morning message is an effective technique in literacy instruction for emergent readers. Describe this technique. How can morning message evolve into an interactive writing activity?

Answer 59

short answer

Question 60

Phenmic awareness is the basic understanding that

Answer 60

speech is composed of a series of individual sounds

Question 61

the smallest units of speech are

Answer 61

phonemes

Question 62

a strategy for segmenting sounds in a word that involves drawing a box to represent each sound in a word is

Answer 62

Elkonin Boxes

Question 63

Research has shown that the most powerful predictor of later reading acheivement is

Answer 63

phonemic awareness

Question 64

when working with students who are english learners, researchers recommend

Answer 64

providing explicit instruction in phonemic awareness

Question 65

As the teacher added words to the Word Wall, six year old Bill pointed to the word will and said “I can read that word because it looks like my name”

Answer 65

decoding by analogy

Question 66

Madison, a first grade student, is reluctant to write sentences independently. She has difficulty spelling high-frequency words and needs guidance to put her thoughts in writing. Of the following, the best way to encourage Madison as a writer would be to use.

Answer 66

interactive writing

Question 67

Research suggests that

Answer 67

there is nor relationship between reading ability and spelling ability

Question 68

the term high-frequency words refers to words

Answer 68

that do not follow phonics

Question 69

The most authentic way for a teacher to determine a child’s progress in spelling is to examine the child’s

Answer 69

running records

Question 70

of the following, the most important factor teachers should consider when planning spelling instruction is the

Answer 70

child’s stage of spelling development

Question 71

list the 5 stages of spelling development and identify a characteristic of each stage.

Answer 71

short answer

Question 72

Traditionally teachers have told children to sounds out words they are trying to spell. It may be more effective, however, to tell children to think it our when they are trying to spell an unfamiliar word. What does a teacher mean when he tells a student to spell a new word by thinking it out?

Answer 72

short answer

Question 73

Some parents fear that first-grade teacher Laura is encouraging bad habits by allowing her students to use invented spellings. Does the use of invented spellings hinder a child’s progress? How could Mrs. Seidel respond to these parents?

Answer 73

short answer