3.1.2.2 Carbohydrates - Monosaccharides to Polysaccharides Flashcards
Name a structural polysaccharide
Cellulose (plant cell walls)
Identify the monosaccharide

Galactose

Which elements make up carbohydrates?
Carbon
Hydrogen
Oxygen
When 2 monosaccharides join together, they form a…
disaccharide
What happens during a condensation reaction?
A water molecule is released from the reacting molecules
How many covalent bonds does carbon make?
4
Which type of reaction takes place when two monosaccharides join together?
Condensation Reaction
Polysaccharides are large. This means that they…
are insoluble (will not dissolve)
Cannot escape from the cell
Identify the monosaccharide

α-Glucose

What happens during hydrolysis
A water molecule reacts with a polymer to break it down.
Name the bond that forms between two monosaccharides
Glycosidic bond
An individual unit of a biological molecule is called a…
monomer
Which type of reaction takes place when a disaccharide or polysaccharide is broken down?
Hydrolysis
Identify the monosaccharide

Fructose

Name 3 common disaccharides
Maltose (alpha glucose + alpha glucose)
Sucrose (alpha glucose + fructose)
Lactose (alpha glucose + galactose)
What is an isomer?
Molecules that have the same chemical formula but whose atoms are arranged differently.
Long chains of repeating molecules are called…
polymers
A 6 carbon sugar is called a…
hexose
Glucose + Fructose –> _________
Glucose + Fructose –> Sucrose
A 3 carbon sugar is called a…
triose
The general chemical formula of a monosaccharide is…
(CH2O)n where n is the number of carbon atoms.
Alpha Glucose + Alpha Glucose –> _________
Alpha Glucose + Alpha Glucose –> Maltose
Identify the monosaccharide

β-Glucose

When many monosaccharides join together, they form a…
polysaccharide