[3.1.12] Acids & Bases Flashcards by James Herbert

Q

What is a Bronsted-Lowry acid?

What is a Bronsted-Lowry base?

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Q

How do you calculate pH?

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Q

What do strong acids do in water?

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Completely dissociate.

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Q

What is the concentration of hydrogen ions in a monoprotic strong acid?

A

It will be the same as the concentration of the acid.

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Q

How do you calculate [H⁺] from pH?

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In all aqueous solutions and pure water, an equilibrium occurs. What is this equilibrium and what is its expression?

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Q

What is the value of Kw in all aqueous solutions at 25°C?

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Q

What is the pH of pure water?

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Q

What is the effect of increasing temperature on pH?

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Q

What do strong bases do in water?

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Q

How do you calculate the pH of a strong base?

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Q

What do weak acids do in water?

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Q

What is the weak acid dissociation expression?

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Q

How do you convert between pKa and Ka?

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Q

What does a larger acid dissociation constant (Ka) indicate?

A

The larger the Ka, the stronger the acid.

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How can we calculate the pH of a weak acid?

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How would you calculate the pH in strong acid and base neutralisations?

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What is the concentration of H⁺/OH⁻ in a diprotic strong acid/base?

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It will be double as the concentration of the acid/base.

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How would you calculate the pH in weak acid and strong base neutralisations?

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When a weak acid has been reacted with exactly half the neutralisation volume of alkali, the expression of Ka can be simplified. Describe the simplification.

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How do you calculate the pH of a diluted strong acid?

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How do you calculate the pH of a diluted base?

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What is a buffer solution?

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What is an acidic buffer solution made of?

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What is a basic buffer solution made of?

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Q

Write the equilibrium that occurs in an ethanoic acid buffer.

What would happen to the equilibrium if small amounts of acid are added?

What would happen to the equilibrium if small amounts of alkali are added?

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What equation can be used to calculate the pH of acidic buffer solutions?

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How would you calculate the change in pH of a buffer if a small amount of acid or alkali was added?

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What is the affect of diluting a buffer solution on its pH?

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