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GIS > 3110 final > Flashcards

3110 final Flashcards

1
Q

GIS

A

Geographic Information System

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2
Q

Five basic components of GIS

A 
Data
User
Hardware
Software
Procedure
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3
Q

Spatial Data

A

Data related to points of area on the ground

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4
Q

Metadata

A

Data on Data. It is important because it proves the accuracy and validity of thedata

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5
Q

Four sources of digital data

A

Aerial Photography
Satellite
GPS
Scanner

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6
Q

Three Basic Data Models

A

Raster
Vector
Hybrid

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7
Q

Sources of Raster Data

A

Satellite imagery

Aerial Photography

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8
Q

Typical Resolution for Raster Data

A

3” x 3”

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9
Q

Raster Data vs Vector Data

A

Raster Data Size > Vector Data Size

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10
Q

Data model normally used to make attractive maps

A

Vector

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11
Q

Data model that is easier to use for spatial analysis

A

Raster

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12
Q

Data model that has more current data

A

Raster

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13
Q

Data model that is more accurate

A

Vector

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14
Q

Example of Hybrid GIS

A

Contains both Vector and Raster data. An aerial image with road network.

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15
Q

Geocoding

A

Process where you associate non-graphical data with graphical data feature

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16
Q

6 Typical GIS layer in CIvil Engineering oriented GIS

A 
Base
Electrical
Sewer
Elevation
Gas
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17
Q

5 Basic GIS task

A 
Input
Manage
Manipulate
Query
Visualize
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18
Q

Flat File Data Base

A

Similar to excel spreadsheet

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19
Q

Hierarchical Data Base

A

One-to-many

Relational

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20
Q

Relational Data Base

A

Many-to-Many

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21
Q

Data base type that is most commonly used in current GIS

A

Relational

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22
Q

DTM

A

Digitized Terrain Model. 3d Image of the earth’s surface

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23
Q

5 uses of DTM

A 
Earthwork
Road Design
Profiles
Volumes
Drainage Basin
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24
Q

Photogrammetry

A

Use of aerial photography to accurately describe vertical and horizontal features

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25
Q

Aerial Triangulation

A

method of relating known points on ground to those on image for accuracy

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26
Q

Orthoimage

A

Image in which distortion has been removed. Calculation friendly

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27
Q

Three vector feature classes

A

Point
Line
Area (Polygon)

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28
Q

Continuous graphic space

A

Space defined in the coordinate plane

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29
Q

Spaghetti Vector

A

Vectors are entered using X,Y system

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30
Q

Topological Vector Encoding system

A

reports additional information about the spatial relationships between points, lines and polygons

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31
Q

Two major topological modeling component

A

Node

Arc

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32
Q

Softcopy Photogrammetry

A

Data presented in 3D format

33
Q

GIS

A

Geographic Information System

34
Q

Three types of data compression used in Raster Files

A

Run Length
Point Value
Quadtree

35
Q

Topological Construct

A

Offset type data using topological operation

36
Q

4 features in stormwater GIS

A

Catch Basin
Valve
Pipe
Pump

37
Q

Attribute of Pipe

A

Material

Size (Diameter)

38
Q

4 features in sanitary GIS

A

Filter
Lift Station
Pipe
Valves

39
Q

Capabilities of sanitary GIS

A

closing or opening valves

40
Q

4 features in potable water GIS

A

Tank
Lake
Meters
Valves

41
Q

Meters

A

Age (installation date)

Type (size, model)

42
Q

3 features in transportation GIS

A

Road
Sign
Signal

44
Q

Table of contents

A

lists the names of the layers in the current map. It shows the color or symbol used to draw each layer and tells by a check mark if the layer is visible

45
Q

Layer properties

A

has several tabs for setting variable layer items

46
Q

Full extent

A

zoom to full extent zooms the data view out to include the entire limites of the mapping data

47
Q

identify tool

A

opens identify results dialogue box, which shows attributes of a feature if you click on it

48
Q

open attribute table

A

open a spreadsheet type view of all the attributes of a layer

49
Q

ArcCatalog

A

application for managing geographic data.

50
Q

Metadata tab

A

found in arccatalog, provides information about a dataset, such as its coordinate system, extents and attribute description

51
Q

Geographical searches

A

use latitude and longitude coordinates to limit data searches geographically

52
Q

Data view

A

normal view used for adding and manipulating data

53
Q

Layout view

A

used to view how the output will look if sent toa printer

54
Q

Color palette

A

shows available colors

55
Q

Symbolizing features

A

assigning a color, marker, sizes, width, angles patterns and othe rproperties

56
Q

Symbolizing features by categorical attributes

A

symbolizing using qualitative or descriptive attributes

57
Q

raster symbolization

A

assign colors to cells values or ranges of cell values

58
Q

building pyramids

A

version of a raster data set, varying from coarse to fine resolution that are used to improve the drawing speed of raster data when you zoom in or out

59
Q

graduated color symbology

A

displays features as shades in a range of colors that change gradually

60
Q

graduated symbols

A

represents features using different marker sizes, normally used with point layers

61
Q

proportional symbols

A

vary in size proportionally to the value symbolized

62
Q

dot density

A

only available for polygon layers and represents quantities by a random pattern of dots

63
Q

dynamic labeling

A

standard labeling function. Assigns the location of the labeling and the size of the label varies depending on the zoom level.

64
Q

Graphic Variable

A

SizeTextureSaturationShape

65
Q

Chropleth map

A

uses color and shapes to represent data

66
Q

Classification in GIS

A

method of comparing attributes on a map

67
Q

natural break

A

classification method that show large CONTRAST in data

68
Q

quantiles

A

features are divided equally to certain values in the scale

69
Q

equal interval

A

values of scale are equally divided

70
Q

Two views in ARCGIS

A

DataLayout

71
Q

Key items that are normally required on map layout

A

TitleLegendData Source

72
Q

main map elements that need to be considered for addition to a printed map

A

North arrowphotosscale

73
Q

Dimensionless map scale

A

ration that relates a unit of measure on a map to that on earth’s surface

74
Q

Small scale map

A

use larger ratio 1:1,000,000 world map

75
Q

Large scale map

A

use small ratio 1:5,000 city map

76
Q

What are two things you can easily add to a GIS layout for presentation

A

ChartsTables

77
Q

What are two common datasets used frequently in GIS

A

Census DataZipcode Data

78
Q

FIPS code

A

Federal information processing standards code.Assigns codes to locations around the world

79
Q

geodatabase

A

manages coverages, grids and shape files inside a database

80
Q

advantages of Geodatabase

A

Makes GIS database smartermany uses ca edit geographic data simultaneously

GIS (2 decks)

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