3.1.1 monomers and polymers

Question 1

describe covalent bonding

Answer 1

atoms share a pair of electrons in their outer shells

outer shell of both atoms is filled and a more stable compound is formed

Question 2

describe ionic bonding

Answer 2

ions with opposite charges attracting one another

weaker than covalent bonds

Question 3

describe hydrogen bonding

Answer 3

electrons within a molecule are not evenly distributed but spend time in one position

polar molecule

weak electrostatic bond

Question 4

what are monomers and polymers?

Answer 4

monomer = one of many small molecules that combine to form a polymer

polymer = large molecule made up of small monomers

mainly based on carbon

Question 5

what are condensation and hydrolysis reactions?

Answer 5

polymers can also be broken down by hydrolysis reactions. the reaction of splitting water breaks bonds of the polymer

condensation = joining of water molecules

Question 6

what is metabolism?

Answer 6

all the chemical processes that take place in living organisms

Question 7

what are mole and molar solutions?

Answer 7

mole is the SI unit for measuring the amount of substance

one mole contains the same number of particles as there are in 12g of 12 carbon atoms

molar solution = solution that contains one mole of solute in a litre of solution

Question 8

give two examples of polymers and their associated monomers

Answer 8

amino acids with polypeptides

nucleotides with polynucleotides