3.1.1 - CNS Flashcards

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1
Q

Describe the CNS:

AO1 x 6 (7 points)

A
  • the CNS is made up of the brain and spinal cord
  • nerves in our body send information via spinal cord to the brain
  • the brain then processes that information and sends a message to the body through the spinal cord
  • different areas of the brain are important for different functions
  • the cells in the CNS are called neurones which communicate with other cells in large networks
  • neurones pass messages along through electrical impulses/neurotransmitters
  • neurotransmitters are released and cross the synaptic gap to be picked up by receptor sites
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2
Q

Describe Neurons

AO1 x 4

A
  • neurons are cells that receive and transmit messages from cell to cell
  • At one end the neutron has dendrites surrounding a nucleus
  • From the nucleus is an axon which reaches to an axon terminal which reaches to the dendrites of another neuron
  • Between the terminal and the dendrites is a gap known as the synapse
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3
Q

Draw a neuron

A
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4
Q

NT def

A

chemical messengers that act between the neurones in the brain allowing the processing of thoughts and memories (through…)

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5
Q

Describe process of synaptic transmission:

A
  • An electrical impulse reaches the end of the neuron, releasing the neurotransmitters from the vesicles and they pass through the synapse gap
  • If the neurotransmitter fits the receptor, the message is passed on, as receptors on the post synaptic neuron are designed to bind to a specific NT
  • any neurotransmitters that are not absorbed by the receptors will be destroyed by enzymes in the synaptic gap or will be reabsorbed into the PrSN by the process of re-uptake
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6
Q

Excitatory NT vs Inhibitory NT

A

Excitatory Neurotransmitters increase the likelihood that an electrical impulse will be triggered

Inhibitory neurotransmitters decrease the likelihood that an electrical impulse will be triggered

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7
Q

Draw process of Synaptic Transmission:

A
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8
Q

Examples of Neurotransmitters:

A

Noradrenaline - associated with emotion, particularly in mood control

Dopamine – related to emotion and cognitive functions as well as posture and control of movement

Serotonin – mostly associated with mood control, particularly in the limbic system of the brain

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