31.1, 31.2, 31.3, & 31.4 vocab Flashcards
constellation
a group of stars that appears to form a pattern or picture to name stars in the sky
radio teloscope
antenna and radio receiver used to detect radio waves from astronomical radio sources in the sky
light year
distance that light travels in one year 9.5 trillion km
spectroscope
an apparatus for producing and recording spectra for examination
nebula
an interstellar cloud of gas, ice, and dust
main sequence
section of the H-R diagram that is plotted from upperleft to the lower right
supernova
a gigantic explotionof a star in which the temperature withinthe collapsing star reaches 10 billion k
neutron star
after a atar explods it leaves behind a ball of neutrons
black hole
a region of space having a gravitational field so intense that no matter or radiation can escape
photosphere
the luminous envelope of a star from which its light and heat radiate
sunspots
temporary phenomena on the Sun’s photosphere that appear as spots darker than the surrounding areas
giant star
lat stages of a star life cycle having a relatively large radius for its mass and temperature
white dwarf
a small very dense star that is typically the size of a planet
galaxy
a system of millions or billions of stars, together with gas and dust, held together by gravitational attraction
milky way
is the galaxy that contains our Solar System, with the name describing the galaxy’s appearance from Earth
local group
is the group of galaxies that includes our galaxy
cosmology
the science of the origin and development of the universe
big bang theory
leading explanation about how the universe began. At its simplest, it says the universe as we know it started with a small singularity, then inflated over the next 13.8 billion years to the cosmos that we know today
cosmic background radiation
electromagnetic radiation from the Big Bang
dark matter
a form of matter thought to account for approximately 85% of the matter in the universe
dark energy
the name given to the mysterious force that’s causing the rate of expansion of our universe to accelerate over time, rather than to slow down
where do stars form from?
nebula
how do constilations ge their names
characters from storys animales and tools
what is the name of the great hunter
orions belt
what are the names of orions hunting dogs
canis major and canis minor
what do canis maijor and canis minor mean
big dog and little dog
how many basic optical teloscopes are there
2
whad does refracting telescope’s use
convex lense
what do reflecting telescopes use
mirror
why are space telescopes better to use then ground based
cause of cloud polution
what things cna a specrto determan about a star
chemical composition, surface temperature, and if its moving away or tword earth
stars farther from earth are what color and what ar its wave linghts
red and lest spread out frequency
stars closer to earth are what color and what is the wave linghts
blue and more frequent
how do stars form
nebula
whad does the H-R diagrm stand for
Hertzsprung-Russll Diagram
what is out sun known as
giant star
what are the interier layer of the sun
core, radiation zone, convection zone
what is the surface of the sun
photoshpere
are sunspots cooler in sirten areas
yes
are they purminate
no
what are the three types of galaxys
spiral eliptical irregular
what shapoe is the milky way galaxy
spiral
how many are in our local group
50
what are the two largest galaxys in the local group
amdromeda and milky way
where is the milky way located
center of one of the arms
how long ago did the big bang accure
13.7 billion years ago
what is the name of the effect that shows wave leagths
doppler effect
what is the universe made of
regular matter and dark matter
