3.1 States of matter Flashcards
What are the 3 states of matter?
Solid, Liquid and gases
What are the characteristics of a solid?
fixed shape and volume and cannot be compressed
What are the characteristics of a liquid?
Fixed volume but can flow and change their shape cannot be compressed
What are the characteristics of a gas?
Have no fixed shape or volume can easily be compressed
What theory is used to explain the properties of liquids gases and solids?
Particle theory
What is the theory based on?
All matter is made of tiny particles
What does the theory describe?
- movement of particles
- average distance between particles
What speed do gas particles move at and in which direction?
They move at high speeds in all directions
How does a solid turn into a liquid?
Solid turns into a liquid at its melting point at the same temperature liquid freezes/solidifies back into a solid
Does temperature affect the speed a gas is moving and how?
Yes the hotter the gas the faster it moves around
How do you increase the pressure of the gas?
Make the collisions more frequent and energetic
What is the pressure of a gas caused by?
Particles colliding with the sides of the container
In melting and boiling where is energy transferred from and to?
From surroundings to substance
In freezing and condensing where is energy transferred to and from?
from substance to surroundings
What happens when you heat a solid beyond its melting point and why?
Temperature stops rising at melting point till all of the solid is melted.
