3.1- Scientific Principles And Process

Question 1

Null Hypothesis

Answer 1

• Proposes that there is no statistically significant effect as a result of the experiment treatment
• usually the aim repeated but stating no change in the independent variable because of the dependent

Question 2

Scientific Cycle Included

Answer 2

• Observation
• Construction of a testable hypothesis
• Experimental design
• Gathering, recording and analysis of data
• Evaluation of results and conclusions
• The formation of a revised hypothesis where necessary

Question 3

Common methods of sharing original scientific findings include

Answer 3

• Seminars
• Talks and posters at conferences
• Publishing in academic journals

Question 4

Peer review

Answer 4

Specialised with expertise in the relevant field assess the scientific quality of a submitted manuscript and make recommendations regarding its suitability for publication

Question 5

Ethics

Answer 5

Ideas and beliefs about what type of behaviour is morally right and wrong

Question 6

The 3 R’s

Answer 6

Replacement
Reduction
Refinement

Question 7

Replacement

Answer 7

Replacing the animal with an alternative such as tissue cultures or a less sentient species

Question 8

Reduction

Answer 8

Using the minimum number of animals in order to obtain robust results

Question 9

Refinement

Answer 9

Using methods that minimise potential pain or suffering or distress in the animals

Question 10

Informed Consent

Answer 10

The participant is fully aware of the treatment they will be subjected to and is happy to participate

Question 11

The Right to withdraw

Answer 11

The participant has the ability to remove themselves from a trial at any time during the study

Question 12

Confidentiality

Answer 12

Any data collected does not identify the subject and they can remain anonymous.
Also the data is not shared without their consent