3.1 Process Of Globalisation

Question 1

Define globalisation

Answer 1

The widening and deepening of global connections, interdependence and flows due to advancements in technology and transport

Question 2

5 main flows of globalisation - what is capital

Answer 2

• money
• flows daily through global stock markets

Question 3

5 main flows of globalisation - what are commodities

Answer 3

• things that are sold
• eg value raw goods or manufactured goods

Question 4

5 main flows of globalisation - what is information

Answer 4

• real time communication between distant places
• it is stored in server farms
• eg e-commerce and the internet

Question 5

5 main flows of globalisation - what is migration

Answer 5

• permanent movement of people
• most restricted global flow
• due to border control and immigration laws
• Brain drain vs brain gain
• remittances

Question 6

5 main flows of globalisation - what is tourism

Answer 6

• quicker and cheaper due to improvement in air travel and budget airlines
• emerging nations are the biggest spenders on international travel due to more disposable income

Question 7

How did transport develop in the 19th and 20th century - steam power

Answer 7

steam ships and trains moved goods and armies along trade routes

Question 8

How did transport develop in the 19th and 20th century - railways

Answer 8

• expanded in the Industrial Revolution but speed was limited
• still hugely important for transport of goods add people
• eg HS2

Question 9

How did transport develop in the 19th and 20th century - jet aircraft

Answer 9

intercontinental travel made easier with budget airlines in the 1960s

Question 10

How did transport develop in the 19th and 20th century - container ships

Answer 10

• containerisation increases speed at a lower cost
• backbone of global economy since 1950s
• leads to spatial division of labour due to TNCs being based in emerging countries and selling goods in developed ones
• 13% of world trade passes through the Suez Canal

Question 11

What is the shrinking world effect

Answer 11

• places take less time to reach due to developments in technology
• far away places feel closer
• 6 degrees of separation means that any person can reach any other person in six or less people

Question 12

How did transport develop in the 21st century - telephone and telegraph

Answer 12

Communicate over long distances in real time rather the waiting weeks

Question 13

How did transport develop in the 21st century - broadband and fibre optics

Answer 13

Large amounts of data are carried across the ocean floor by fibre optic cables
- reduces cost of communication
- mostly owned by TNCs or governments
- eg Google own 9%

Question 14

How did transport develop in the 21st century - GIS and GPS

Answer 14

Satellites broadcast position and time data continuously all over the world

Question 15

How did transport develop in the 21st century - internet and social networking

Answer 15

• Connects people and place across the world in real time
• speeds up business between countries

Question 16

How did transport develop in the 21st century - mobile phones and electronic banking

Answer 16

• more efficient connections
• allows money transfer between users
• 1/3 of Kenya’s GDP passes through app M-Pesa annually