3.1 How Sweet is Terminal

Question 1

We are used to ______________, with their familiar icons, windows, buttons, and mouse pointers.

Answer 1

We are used to Graphical User Interfaces (GUIs), with their familiar icons, windows, buttons, and mouse pointers.

Question 2

Using the command line is a critical skill. At different times, it may be:

Answer 2

1. The only way to achieve a desired outcome. You may have to work with systems and tools that have no GUI interface.
2. The fastest way to achieve a desired outcome.
3. The most flexible way to achieve a desired outcome.

Question 3

Virtual machines are programs that simulate ______________.

Answer 3

Virtual machines are programs that simulate entire computers.

• Virtual machines (VMs) can operate as entirely different computers than the one they are running on.
• We can run many different VMs on a single physical computer.

Question 4

pwd

Answer 4

Display the current working directory (print working directory).

Question 5

ls

Answer 5

List directories and files in the current directory.

Question 6

cd

Answer 6

Navigate into a directory (change directory).

Question 7

mkdir

Answer 7

Make a directory

Question 8

rmdir

Answer 8

Remove directory

Question 9

touch

Answer 9

Create an empty file

Question 10

rm

Answer 10

Remove a file

Question 11

clear

Answer 11

clear history

Question 12

There are two types of file paths: _________ paths and _________ paths.

Answer 12

There are two types of file paths: absolute paths and relative paths.

Question 13

What’s the difference between absolute and relative paths?

Answer 13

An absolute or full path points to the same location in a file system, regardless of the current working directory. To do that, it must include the root directory. By contrast, a relative path starts from some given working directory, avoiding the need to provide the full absolute path.

Question 14

A _____________, starts at your current location in the directory and doesn’t require typing out the top directory.

Answer 14

A relative path, starts at your current location in the directory and doesn’t require typing out the top directory.

Question 15

cd . . and cd . ./ . ./ does what

Answer 15

Move back a directory or multiple directories

Question 16

What does each of these do?

1. file path
2. absolute path
3. relative path
4. cp
5. mv

Answer 16

1. Identifies a unique location in a file system.
2. Starts at the top directory of the file system.
3. Begins from the current directory.
4. Copies files
5. Moves files

Question 17

What does this command do?

more

Answer 17

View a file page-by-page. Space bar moves you to the next page.

Question 18

What does this command do?

less

Answer 18

Similar to more, but allows you to scroll up and down a file.

Question 19

What will this command do?

head -40 file1.txt

Answer 19

Shows the first 40 lines of file1.txt

Used after head or tail to change the number of lines previewed.

Question 20

True or False?

Cat combines files and displays the results.

Answer 20

True

Cat command stand for concatenate and combine files together.

Question 21

To save the results of cat, you have to use either ____ or _____.

Answer 21

To save the results of cat, you have to use either > or&raquo_space;

> Write to a file, overwriting the file if the file name already exists.

> > Write to a file, appending the file if the file name already exists.

Question 22

The most common data streams are ________ and ________.

Answer 22

The most common data streams are stdin and stdout.

Question 23

What does the head and tail commands do?

Answer 23

head and tail preview 10 lines by default. This number can be changed easily.

head -50 examplefile.txt