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Biology AQA GCSE > 3.1 Communicable diseases > Flashcards

3.1 Communicable diseases Flashcards

1
Q

3.1.1 Communicable (infectious) diseases

What is a communicable disease?

A
  • a disease which spreads through person to person
  • it is contagious
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2
Q

3.1.1 Communicable disease

What are the 4 communicable diseases?

A
  • virus
  • bacteria
  • protists
  • fungi
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3
Q

3.1.1 Communicable disease

How do communicable diseases spread?

A
  • can infect plants/animals
  • spread by direct contact, water, air
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4
Q

3.1.2 Viral diseases

What are some diseases caused by viruses?

A
  • measles (animal)
  • HIV/AIDS (animal)
  • tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) (plants)
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5
Q

3.1.2 Viral diseases

Characteristics of virus

A
  • smaller
  • reproduces very quickly
  • lives inside cells, and replicates
  • bursts out of cell, releasing new viruses
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6
Q

3.1.2 Viral diseases

Symptoms of measles

A
  • fever
  • red skin rash
  • can be fatal
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7
Q

3.1.2 Viral diseases

How do measles spread?

A

airbone droplets

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8
Q

3.1.2 Viral diseases

How to prevent & treat measles?

A

Vaccinate children

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9
Q

3.1.2 Viral diseases

How does HIV spread?

A
  • sexual contact
  • body fluid exchange (eg: through blood)
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10
Q

3.1.2 Viral diseases

Symptoms of HIV

A
  • flu-like
  • damaged immune system

AIDS occur when the body’s immune system becomes so badly damaged, it can no longer deal with other infections/cancer

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11
Q

3.1.2 Viral diseases

How to prevent & treat HIV

A
  • condoms
  • avoid sharing needles
  • antiretrovirals
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12
Q

3.1.2 Viral diseases

Symptoms of Tobacco Mosaic Virus

A
  • mosaic pattern on leaves
  • reduced photosynthesis and growth
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13
Q

3.1.2 Viral diseases

How to prevent & treat TMV

A
  • cutting stems to stop spread of disease
  • cleaning/sterilising equipment
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14
Q

3.1.3 Bacterial diseases

Characteristics of bacteria

A
  • small cells
  • reproduce quickly in the body
  • produces toxins - creates illness, damages cells
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15
Q

3.1.3 Bacterial diseases

What are some diseases caused by bacteria?

A

Salmonella, Gonorrhoea

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16
Q

3.1.3 Bacterial diseases

How does salmonella spread?

A

by eating cross-contaminated food

17
Q

3.1.3 Bacterial diseases

What are the symptoms of Salmonella?

A
  • fever
  • stomach cramps
  • vomitting
  • diarrhoea
18
Q

3.1.3 Bacterial diseases

How to prevent/treat Salmonella?

A
  • vaccination of poultry
  • hygenic food preparation
19
Q

3.1.3 Bacterial diseases

How does Gonorrhoea spread?

A

through sexual contact

20
Q

3.1.3 Bacterial diseases

Symptoms of Gonorrhoea

A
  • pain when urinating
  • yellow/green discharge
21
Q

3.1.3 Bacterial diseases

How to prevent/treat Gonorrhoea?

A
  • condoms
  • antibiotics
22
Q

3.1.4 Fungal diseases

Characteristics of fungi

A
  • hyphae can grow and penetrate human skin and surface of plants
  • produces spores which spread to other plants.
23
Q

3.1.4 Fungal diseases

What diseases are caused by fungus?

A

Rose black spot

24
Q

3.1.4 Fungal diseases

How does rose black spot spread?

A
  • water
  • wind
25
Q

3.1.4 Fungal diseases

Symptoms of rose black spot

A
  • purple/black spots on leaves
  • leaves turn yellow due to reduced growth/photosynthesis
26
Q

3.1.4 Fungal diseases

How to prevent/treat rose black spot

A
  • remove/destroy infected leaves
  • use fungicides
27
Q

3.1.5 Protist diseases

Characteristics of protists

A
  • eukaryotes
  • parasites which live on/inside other organisms
  • carried by a vector
28
Q

3.1.5 Protist diseases

What disease is caused by protists?

29
Q

3.1.5 Protist diseases

How does malaria spread?

A

through mosquitos/vectors

30
Q

3.1.5 Protist diseases

Symptoms of malaria

A
  • fever
  • can be fatal
31
Q

3.1.5 Protist diseases

How to prevent/treat malaria

A
  • use mosquito nets
  • vaccinations
  • killing vectors

Biology AQA GCSE (7 decks)

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