3.1 Atomic structure and the periodic table

Question 1

What are the three states of matter?

Answer 1

Solid, liquid, gas

Question 2

What are the subatomic particles?

Answer 2

Protons, neutrons and electrons

Question 3

What is an element?

Answer 3

Made up of the same atom ONLY

Question 4

What are all substances made of?

Answer 4

Atoms

Question 5

Why are the chemical properties of isotopes of an element the same?

Answer 5

They have the same number of electrons in the outer shell

Question 6

What are the masses on the subatomic particles in an atom?

Answer 6

Protons = 1
Electrons = 1/1800
Neutrons =  1

Question 7

What’s a period?

Answer 7

The row in the periodic table.

Question 8

What’s a group?

Answer 8

column of periodic table

Question 9

What’s a shell?

Answer 9

circles around the atom that show where electrons can be found.

Question 10

What is the relationship between shells and periods?

Answer 10

number of shells = period

Question 11

How many electrons can the first shell hold?

Answer 11

2

Question 12

How many electrons can the second and third shell hold?

Answer 12

Up to 8

Question 13

What happens to the reactivity of group 1 metals as you go down the group?

Answer 13

Reactivity increases

Question 14

What happens to the reactivity of group 7 elements as you go down the group?

Answer 14

Reactivity decreases

Question 15

What are the particles like in a solid?

Answer 15

packed closely together, fixed positions, vibrate, low energy

Question 16

What are the particles like in a liquid?

Answer 16

close together, can slip and slide over each other, 50% touching, randome

Question 17

What are the particles like in a gas?

Answer 17

lots of space between the particles, move randomly, lots of energy, very fast

Question 18

How do small particles diffuse?

Answer 18

Faster

Question 19

Which diffuses the fastest?

Answer 19

Gases

Question 20

What’s in the nucleus of an atom?

Answer 20

protons and neutrons

Question 21

energy levels are also known as

Answer 21

shells

Question 22

What determines the group of an element?

Answer 22

number of electrons in the valence /outer shell.