3.1 Flashcards
What are genes
A gene is a heritable factor that consists of a length of DNA and influences a characteristic
Where is a gene found?
A gene is found at a particular locus on a chromosome
Are genes for the same specific trait found on the same locus
Yes, james for a specific trait are always found on the same locus
Where do offspring get there two copies of genes from
One from each parent, one is paternal, and one is maternal
What is an allele?
A specific forms of a gene?
How are alleles inherited?
Illegals are inherited from parents and always have to be present on the same chroma zone in the same Lucas
How do you alleles differ?
They may differ in their sequence or base pairs, and therefore code for a different version of the protein that controls that trait
What is a mutation?
Imitation is a change in the base sequence of the DNA
What happens if a person and her it’s two copies of a recessive allele
They will develop the trait or disease
Does a mutation always change the amino acid sequence?
It may or may not change the amino acid sequence
Are mutations good or bad
Some mutations are bad, however, some mutations give the organism a better chance of survival
How are new alleles produced?
When mutations are successfully passed down from one generation to the next
What does the mutation of sickle cell anaemia cause?
It causes the amino acid valine to be present instead of glutamic acid
Is sickle cell anaemia, dominant or recessive?
Sickle cell anaemia is recessive
What is the effect of sickle cell anaemia on red blood cells?
It causes red blood cells to form a sickle shape rather than a doughnut shape
What are the symptoms and disadvantages of sickle cell anaemia?
Weakness, shortness of breath, fatigue, and blood cells can get caught in capillaries which is very painful
What is a genome
A genome is all of the base sequence is an organisms DNA
What was the human genome project?
In 1990 and international team of scientist set out to sequence, the entire human genome in 2003, they accomplish that goal and made their findings public
What are the benefits of the human genome project?
It has allowed researchers to use sequences to identify genes and genetic diseases
How has the human Geno been useful to make medicine?
It has impossible to determine what molecules make people healthy, which genes make these molecules how to copy these genes and how to distribute those healthy molecules or genes to sick people
