3.1 Flashcards
What is genetics the study of?
How information is stored and passed down from parents to offspring.
The root word of genetics, genesis, means?
Origins
A gene is?
A sequence of DNA that codes for a molecule or function.
DNA is supercoiled into structures called what?
Chromosomes
All genes are located on what?
Chromosomes
What are alleles?
Various forms of the same gene.
Positions in a gene where more than one base may be present are called what?
Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs).
New alleles are formed by what?
Mutation
Different alleles of a gene generally only differ from each other by ____
One or two bases.
Mutations are ____
Random changes to the gene.
Most mutations are:
A. Harmful
B. Neutral
C. Beneficial
A and B (Harmful or Neutral)
What is the HBB gene responsible for?
The beta-subunit hemoglobin.
What genetic disease is caused by a single mutation to the HBB gene?
Sickle Cell Anemia
Sickle cell anemia is typically caused by what mutation?
Base Substitution Mutation
Why is there a correlation between sickle cell anemia and regions with malaria?
The sickle-cell allele is productive against malaria.
