306BowelEliminationDefintion Flashcards
ileocecal or ileocolic valve
this valve helps prevent contents from entering the large intestine prematurely and prevent waste production from returning to the smallintestine
what does the small intestine absorp
nutrients
what does the large intestine absorp
water
valsalva maneuver
bearing down
valsalva maneuver is contraindicated for what pt and why?
pts with cardiovascular problems because it may cause a dangerously elevated blood pressure in the person with hypertension
breast fed infant
stool should be yellow golden and loose with little odor and should pass 2-10 stools a day
bottle fed infant
stools should be yellow to brown and have a strong odor typically pass 1-2 stools per day
fiber and stool
increase bulk in fecal matter which serves as stimulus for peristalsis resulting in quicker elimination and less time for water absorption and a softer easier to pass stool
stress and stool
people in fight or flight and chronically worry the blood is shunted away from the intestine resulting in slow GI motility
ribbon like stool could be
a tumor
childs stool are frequent, bulky, greasy and foul smelling it could be
cystic fibrosis
mechanical obstruction
results from pressure on the intestinal wall; examples of causes could be tumor, stenosis, adhesions, hernias and strictures
function obstructions result from
an inability of the intestinal musculature to move the content through the bowel
paralytic ileus
abdominal incisions and direct manipulation of the bowel during abdominal surgery inhibit peristalsis
Maintaining a Nasogastric Tube:
Used for
Passes through:
offer:
may be used for paralytic ileus and intestine obstruction by tumor or hernia
passed through the nasopharynx into the stomach
frequent oral hygiene 2-4 hours and opportunities to rinse mouth
how can you verify tube placement which must be done before administration of nay fluids
radiographic (most accurate) measurement of aspirate pH visual assessment of aspiration and tube length measurement monitoring for CO
ostomy
surgically formed opening from the inside of an organ to the outside
stoma
the part of the ostomy that is attached to the skin, is formed by suturing the mucosa to the skin
ileostomy
allows for liquid fecal content form the ileum to eliminate through the stoma; may be temporary or permanent
colostomy
permits formed feces in the colon to exit through the stoma; may be temporary or permanent
Colostomy and Ileostomy Care
inspect the pt stoma regularly; it should be dark pink to red and moist
note size of stoma; it should stabilize within 6-8 weeks
measure pt i/o every four hours for the first 3 days after surgery;
check appliance and for quality and quantity of discharge; as peristalsis returns stool will be eliminated from the stoma
ileostomy should drain within
24-48 hours
colostomy does not produce drainage until normal peristalsis return within ___ days post surgery
2-5 days
during first 6-8 weeks post surgery encourage pt to avoid
foods high in fiber
