30.4- DNA Flashcards
How many monomers is a single strand polymer DNA made from?
4 different monomers
What leads to the variety of DNA?
arrangement of monomers
What are the monomers that DNA is made from called?
nucleotides
What is a nucleotide molecule made up of?
three parts:
phosphate
sugar
base
What are the four different bases?
cytosine
thymine
adenine
guanine
How can two nucleotides link together?
when -OH group of phosphate of one nucleotide reacts with -OH group on sugar molecule on another nucleotide to eliminate molecule of water
How many strands does DNA exist as?
exists as two strands
How is the two strands of DNA held together?
held together by hydrogen bonding
What bases hydrogen bond with each other?
adenine and thymine
guanine and cytosine
What percentage strength is hydrogen bonds of covalent bonds?
hydrogen bonds only about 10% of strength of covalent bonds
As hydrogen bonds only about 10% of strength of covalent bonds, what does this mean for DNA?
hydrogen bonds can break under conditions that leave covalent bonds of DNA chain unaffected
What happens to the hydrogen bonds of DNA during cell division?
hydrogen bonds of DNA double helix break + strands start to unravel but covalently bonded remains intact retaining sequence of bases
What does the cell contain a mixture of that’s used for cell division?
mixture of separate nucleotide molecules
What does the mixture of separate nucleotide molecules do during cell divison?
move in and pair up with newly-exposed bases
How are the new vases linked together in cell divison?
link together by phosphate-sugar bonding
