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Medical Assistant > 303 > Flashcards

303 Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

When working with parents of young children who are at risk of botulism, what is themostimportant instruction to give them to reduce this risk?

A

Do not use raw fish or food from damaged or bulging cans of vegetables.

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2
Q

An early sign of tetanus is

A

muscle spasm in the jaw and neck

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3
Q

Numbers 1 and 2 demonstrate

A

rotation and circumduction

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4
Q

Supination and pronation are demonstrated by numbers

A

3 and 4

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5
Q

The number 5 on the figure demonstrates

A

extension

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6
Q

Which muscle ismostresponsible for movement?

A

Agonist

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7
Q

Which of the following uses glucose to help make ATP?

A

Aerobic Respiration

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8
Q

One common symptom of rhabdomyolysis is

A

dark urine

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9
Q

The __________ muscle moves the abdominal wall

A

external oblique

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10
Q

Which of the following is true regarding the cardiac muscle?

A

It is self-exciting

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11
Q

Which characteristic applies to smooth muscle?

A

It produces peristalsis

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12
Q

When muscles have a buildup of lactic acid, this __________

A

Causes muscle fatigue

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13
Q

In adults, which of the following contains yellow marrow, which consists of mostly fat?

A

Medullary Cavity

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14
Q

A prominent projection on a bone is known as a(n)

A

Process

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15
Q

Which type of bone is the patella (kneecap)?

A

Sesamoid

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16
Q

Which of the following describes fibrous joints?

A

They are connected by short fibers.

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17
Q

The occipital bone is an example of which type of bone?

A

Flat

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18
Q

Which of the following lifestyle changes should be recommended to patients to help them prevent osteoporosis?

A

Stop smoking

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19
Q

A recommendation to prevent osteoporosis is

A

regular exercise

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20
Q

Which of these surrounds the diaphysis?

A

Periosteum

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21
Q

Which of the following form the front of the foot?

A

Metatarsals

22
Q

Donald is a 14-year-old patient who is being seen today because of severe pain and swelling in his lower left leg. Donald can walk on it, but he says that walking or moving the leg in any way makes the pain much worse. Which of the following disorders or diseases would the practitioner test for given the patient’s complaints and symptoms?

A

Osteosarcoma

23
Q

The condition commonly referred to as humpback is

A

Kyphosis

24
Q

The __________ bones form the prominence of the cheeks.

A

Zygomatic

25
Q

Your sister has just returned from an appointment with her healthcare provider. She informs you that she was diagnosed with a peptic ulcer and has been prescribed a bland diet for the next 7 to 10 days. She says, “This shouldn’t be too hard. I love snacking on raw carrots, and I will get some orange juice for breakfast!” What should you tell your sister about following a bland diet?

A

Raw fruits and vegetables are among the foods you should avoid on a bland diet.

26
Q

To prepare a patient on how to treat a mild allergic reaction to food, which over-the-counter medication would be recommended?

A

Benadryl

27
Q

Which of the following contains 9 calories per gram?

A

fat

28
Q

A diet that consists of tea, broth, non-citrus juices, carbonated beverages, popsicles, and gelatin is a__________

A

clear-liquid diet

29
Q

Which instruction would be beneficial to include in nutritional therapy for patients with hypertension?

A

Restrict sodium intake to 2 to 3 g per day.

30
Q

Which vitamin is an intracellular antioxidant, maintains cell structures, and aids in the formation of red blood cells?

A

Vtamin E

31
Q

Which instruction would be included when educating patients about daily water requirements?

A

Encourage patients to drink six to eight glasses of water.

32
Q

What is the term for the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 kg of water by 1ºC?

A

Calorie

33
Q

An excess of which of the following can lead to increased levels of triglycerides and cholesterol in the blood.

A

lipids

34
Q

Which of the following are saturated fats?

A

Coconut and Palm Oils

35
Q

The body makes protein out of __________.

A

amino acids

36
Q

Which of the following are good dietary sources of iron?

A

Liver, egg yolks, fortified bread and cereals, and dark green vegetables

37
Q

The esophageal hiatus is the __________.

A

Hole in the diaphragm that the esophagus goes through

38
Q

Which of the following layers of the alimentary canal wall has blood vessels that carry nutrients away?

A

Submucosa

39
Q

Inflammation of the liver is __________.

A

Hepatitis

40
Q

Which vitamin is needed for metabolism of fats?

A

Niacin

41
Q

Which vitamin is essential for blood to clot?

A

Vitamin K

42
Q

In which of these conditions does the stomach lining become inflamed?

A

Gastritis

43
Q

Gerri is a 32-year-old mother of two children who is in the office for a routine annual examination. She tells you that she feels good most of the time, but she has frequent problems with constipation. Which of the following recommendations would help Gerri?

A

Increase the amount of fiber in your diet.

44
Q

The __________ is the main site of nutrient absorption.

A

Small Intestine

45
Q

Which layer of the alimentary canal wall secretes mucus and enzymes?

A

Mucosa

46
Q

_________ is a condition caused when abnormal dilations or pouches in the intestinal wall become inflamed. Treatments include following a high-fiber diet, taking antibiotics, and keeping a food diary to track foods that cause flare-ups.

A

Diverticulitis

47
Q

The cells that protect the lining of the stomach are the

A

mucous cells

48
Q

Which of the following organs of the digestive system secretes acid and enzymes?

A

Stomach

49
Q

The proximal portion of the __________ absorbs water and electrolytes.

A

Large intestine

50
Q

The condition in which distended veins in the rectum or anus become irritated is __________.

A

Hemorrhoids

Medical Assistant (3 decks)

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