303 Flashcards
Bacterium that causes botulism
Clostridium botulinum bacteria
Prime mover
The muscle responsible for most of the movement when a body movement is produced by a group of muscles. Also called agonist
Agonist
The muscle responsible for most of the movement when a body movement is produced by a group of muscles. Also called prime mover
Dietary sources of iron
Liver, meat, poultry, egg yolks, fortified breads and cereals, dark green vegetables, and dried fruits. Although less than 20% of it is usually absorbed
Osteosarcoma
Is a type of bone cancer. Usually affecting the leg bones, that originates from osteoblasts, the cells that make bony tissue. It occurs most often in children, teens, and young adults and more often in males than females
Protein
Is the most essential nutrient for building and repairing cells and tissues
Periosteum
A membrane that surrounds the diaphysis
Zygomatic bone
The cheek bones
Saturated fats
Derived primarily from animal sources and usually solid at room temperature
Submucosa
Contains loose connective tissue, blood vessels, glands, and nerves. The blood vessels carry absorbed nutrients throughout the body
Hepatitis
Is inflammation of the liver. There are many different types of hepatitis
Kyphosis
Is an abnormal curvature or the spine, most often at the thoracic (chest) level. This condition is often referred as humpback
Lordosis
Is an exaggerated inward (convex) curvature od the lumbar spine sometimes this condition is called Swayback
Scoliosis
Is an abnormal, s shaped lateral curvature of the thoracic or lumbar spine
Esophageal hiatus
Hole in the diaphragm through which the esophagus passes
Metatarsals
Are bones that form the front of the foot. There are five metatarsals per foot
Niacin
Is needed for carbohydrate, protein, fat, and nucleic acid metabolism
Vitamin k
Needed for blood clotting
Aerobic respiration
Uses the body’s storage of glucose to make ATP
Bland diet
A typical bland diet includes easily digested foods such as Mashed potatoes, and gelatins
Rhabdomyolysis symptoms
Dark urine, muscle tenderness, muscle weakness, seizers, joint pain, and fatigue
Some of the muscles that move the abdominal wall
External and internal obliques, transverse abdominal, and rectus abdominis
A mild reaction to food can be treated with over the counter
Benadryl
Each gram of fat contains
9 calories, more than twice the calorie content of proteins and carbohydrates
The cardiac muscle
Is self exciting, so it does not need nerve stimulation to contract
S/S of tetanus
(Locked jaw) symptoms usually appear between 5 to 10 days after infection. Msluscle spasms in the jaw, neck, and facial muscles are usually the first signs. Other signs include worsening of spasms (may cause bone fractures), dyspnea (breathing difficulties) irrability, fever, sweating, and drooling
Clear liquid diet
Coffee, tea, carbonated beverages, clear gelatin, strained fruit juice, bullion, clear broth, and taking prescribed electrolytes solution, or laxative preparations
Vitamin E
Antioxidant that prevents the breakdown of certain tissues
Smooth muscle fibers
Contract and relax together, resulting on peristalsis
Regular exercise can prevent
Bone loss
Kilocalorie
Commonly called a calorie, is the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 kilogram of water by 1°c
Medullary cavity
In adults it contains yellow bone marrow, which is mostly fat
A process
Is a prominent projection on a bone
Sesamoid bones
Are small, rounded bones usually found next to joints or embedded in a tendon. An example is the patella, or kneecap
Fibrous joints
Are connected by short fibers and normally do not move against each other
Occipital bone
Is a flat bone
Lifestyle changes to prevent bone loss
Include getting regular exercise, using diets, or supplements that include calcium, phosphorus, and vitamin D. Moderating the use of alcohol and stopping smoking
An excess of lipids, particularly some dietary fats, can lead to increased
Risk of heart, artery, and other diseases
Gastritis
Is an inflammation of the stomach lining. It is often referred to as upset stomach
Constipation help
Diet modification, stool softener, enema, surgery if necessary
Small intestine does and carries
Is a coiled, tubular organ that extends from the stomach to the large intestine. It fills most of the abdominal cavity. The small intestine carries out most of the actual digestion in the body and is responsible for absorbing most of the nutrients into the blood stream
Mucosa layer
The mucosa is the innermost layer of the canal wall. It is mad mostly of epithelial tissue rest secrets enzymes and mucus into the lumen, of passageway of the canal. This layer also is active in absorbing nutrients
Diverculits
Is inflammation of the diverticula in the intestine. Diverticula are abnormal dilations of pouches in the intestinal wall. when the diverticula are not inflamed the condition is known as diverticulosis
Mucous cells
Secrete mucus. The Mass created by food mixed with the saliva and mucous mixture is called a bolus
The stomach
Secrets acid and enzymes to further the breakdown of foods into usable nutrients
The proximal portion of the large intestine
Absorbs water, and a few electrolytes
Hemorrhoids
Enlargement of rectal or anus veins
