30 Vocabulary Need To Know

Question 1

Civilization

Answer 1

A culture that has cities, government, religion, social structure, writing, and art.

Question 2

Hammurabi’s Code

Answer 2

Follow a system of strict justice, based on “an eye for an eye,” penalties varied between upper and lower class.

Question 3

Democracy

Answer 3

Government directly or through representatives “the rule of the many”

Question 4

Government

Answer 4

Everything with a connection to a country; people, customs, and institutions

Question 5

Monarchy

Answer 5

Title of King, queen, etc. which is hereditary and is in office for life

Question 6

Aristocracy

Answer 6

Power in the hands of the upper class

Question 7

Oligarchy

Answer 7

Small group, “the rule of few”

Question 8

Republic

Answer 8

Government in which leader is not a king; citizens have the right to vote

Question 9

Tyranny

Answer 9

Government in which one person holds all the power

Question 10

Ten Commandments

Answer 10

Laws God gave to Moses

Question 11

Monotheism

Answer 11

Belief in one God

Question 12

Reformation

Answer 12

Broke away from the Catholic Church and created Lutheranism

Question 13

Magna Carta

Answer 13

“Great Charter”; King John was forced to sign it in 1215

Question 14

Divine Right of Kings

Answer 14

Belief that kings received their power from God

Question 15

Glorious Revolution

Answer 15

Mary and William overthrow the King of England (King John) and made him sign the English Bill of Rights

Question 16

Constitutional Monarchy

Answer 16

Monarch is head of state but limited by a constitution

Question 17

English Bill of Rights

Answer 17

After the glorious revolution, gave specific rights to citizens

Question 18

Enlightenment

Answer 18

Movement where thinkers (intellects) were looking to better their society through “reason”

Question 19

Social Contact

Answer 19

Entire society agrees (majority) majority forces minority

Question 20

Natural Rights

Answer 20

John Locke’s concept; everyone gets rights to life, liberty, and property

Question 21

Declaration of Indpenedence

Answer 21

Began the Evolutionary War, Thomas Jefferson declared colonies free and clear of the British

Question 22

Checks and Balances

Answer 22

Part of the separation of powers in government; executive, legislative, and judicial

Question 23

U.S. Bill of Rights

Answer 23

1st 10 amendments guaranteed rights

Question 24

Social classes/estates

Answer 24

Separation of class, inequality; background of the French Revolution

Question 25

Reign of Terror

Answer 25

Led by the Committee of Public Safety. 40,000 were sent to guillotine

Question 26

Plebiscite

Answer 26

Votes; everyone participates

Question 27

Napoleonic Code

Answer 27

Napoleon (1804) made it so everyone was equal (not by birth) go to most qualified for jobs

Question 28

Congress of Vienna

Answer 28

Meeting of European leaders; old order was restored

Question 29

Balance of Power

Answer 29

Arrangement of power to prevent any on country from dominating

Question 30

Nationalism

Answer 30

Cultural identity of nationality, language, and religion