30 Most Common Flashcards by Sandrine Couldwell

Leukoplakia

intraoral white plaque that doesnt rub off and cant be IDed as anything else
12% cancerous 4.3 yr transformation
imm compromised pts (higher cancer risk)

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Leukoplakia differentials

materia alba
white coated tongue
burn
pseudomembranous candadiasis
toothpaste/mouthwash OD
linea alba (bilateral)
leukoedema (bilateral)
oral hairy leukoplakia (bilateral)
tobacco pouch keratosis
lichen planus

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Leukoplakia types

Hyperkeratosis
Dysplasia
Carcinoma in-situ
SCC

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Leukoplakia locations

FOM
tongue
lip

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Leukoplakia % severe, mod, mild

16%
3-15%
<5%

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Tori F/M

Torus palitinius >F

Torus mandibularis >M

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Inflammation/irritation

Traumatic ulcer (tx: steroids)
Pericornitis
Periodontal abscess
ANUG

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Fibroma

most common benign neoplasm of the oral cavity

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Fibroma locations

buccal mucosa
labial mucosa
tongue
gingiva

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Fibroma differentials (bump on the gums)

Peripheral giant cell granuloma
Peripheral ossifying fibroma
Pyogenic granuloma

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Fibroma tx

surgical excision

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Fordyce granules

ectopic sebaceous glands
80% population
no tx

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Fordyce granules location

buccal mucosa

lips

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Hemangioma

benign proliferation of blood vessels
test with dioscopy
10-12% children

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Hemangioma tx

excision
laser
embolism
clinical observation 
sclerotherapy

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inflammatory ulcer/Recurrent apthous ulcers

20-25% population
1-2 lesions
.5-1 cm
location + size + number = diagnosis

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Recurrent apthous ulcer locations

non keratanized bound down mucosa

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Recurrent apthous ulcer etiology theories

autoimmune issue
stress
hypersensitivity

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Papilloma

benign proliferation of squamous epithelium

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Papilloma locations

tongue

soft palate

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Papilloma tx

surgical excision

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Papilloma types

Verruca vulgaris
Condyloma accuminatum
Focal epithelial hyperplasia (Hecks disease)
Sinonasal papilloma

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HPV strains

13, 32 Hecks disease

6, 11 Papilloma

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Epulis fissuratum

focal inflammatory fibrous hyperplasia
flang of an ill fitting denture
single- multiple folds in the vestuble

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Epulis fissuratum F/M

F>M

Epulis fissuratum tx

surgical excision with reline or make a new denture

Fissured tongue

grooves 2-6mm deep 2-5% population increases with age

Fissured tongue tx

brush tongue

Fissured tongue differential

Geographic tongue

Erythema areata migrans Benign migratory glossitis 1-3% population

Geographic tongue F/M

2F>M

Geographic tongue location

Dorsal tongue

Geographic tongue tx

none

Papillary hyperplasia

Denture papillomatosis | 20% 24/7 denture wearers

Papillary hyperplasia locations

hard palate

Papillary hyperplasia tx

``` surgical excision (scalpel, electro, cryo, laser) reline or remake denture ```

Recurrent herpes simplex

1-3mm vesicles > collapse damaged epithelium lost > central turns yellow heals in 7-10 days

Herpes viral inflection introral locations

keratinized bound down mucosa | palate and attached gingiva

Acute herpetic gingivostomatitis

intraoral exposure 6 months to 5-years old

Recurrent herpetic infections

herpes labialis intraoral recurrent lesions herpetic whitlow herpetic keratoconjunctiviitis

Herpes tx

antivirals | prodrome stage is best time to start

Mucocele

rupture and spill saliva into soft tissue young adults trauma related

Mucocele location

lower lip

Mucocele tx

surgical excision of the mucocele and the FEEDER GLAND

Angular chelitis causes

loss of vertical dimension (crowns, attrition, worn denture) salivary pooling candidiasis

Angular chelitis tx

antifungals | increase vertical dimension

Angular chelitis tx

antifungals | increase vertical dimension

Lingual tonsils

lymphoid hyperplasia on posterior bilateral tongue | discrete 1 cm mass that enlarges and turns red with infection

Lingual tonsil tx

none

Hematoma

blood accumulation in tissue secondary to trauma | mistaken for melanoma

Hematoma tx

none

Tobacco pouch keratosis

soft fissured white-grey lesion | may turn into dysplasia or verrucous carcinoma

Tobacco pouch keratosis tx

stop dipping/move pouch

Chronic cheek biting

Morsicatio buccarum/labiorum/linguarum

Chronic cheek biting F/M

2F>M

Chronic cheek biting tx

none

Lichen planus

chronic mucocutaneous lesion | skin lesions: purple puritic, polygonal papules

Lichen planus types

Reticular (striae of whickam) | Erosive

Lichen planus F/M age

middle aged 3F>2M

Lichen planus tx

steroids

Buccal exostoses tx

removal with repeated trauma or preprosthetic

Amalgam tattoo tx

biop to rule out melanoma

Oral melanotic macule

``` focal melanosis (oral freckle) solitary well demarkated 1-7mm ```

Oral melanotic macule F/M

2F>M

Oral melanotic macule location

lower lip buccal mucosa gingiva

Oral melanotic macule tx

none | biop to rule out

Median rhomboid glossitis

central papillary atrophy

Median rhomboid glossitis location

posterior dorsal tongue

Median rhomboid glossitis tx

antifungals | brush tongue

Black hairy tongue

asymptomatic but might gag | bad taste, halitosis, esthetics

Smooth red tongue etiology

pernicious anemia medications avitaminosis

Smooth red tongue tx

burning pain | find underlying causes and stop it

Epidermoid cyst

cyst with inflammation of a hair follicle | slow growing, painless, rubbery mass

Epidermoid cyst locations

midline of FOM

Epidermoid cyst locations

midline of FOM

Epidermoid cyst tx

surgical removal

Lipoma

benign fat tumor | skin lesions: trunk and proximal portions of extermities

Lipoma locations

buccal mucosa tongue FOM lips

Lipoma tx

surgical excision