3 - UNIT REVIEW EXERCISES Flashcards
The purpose of the plasma membrane within a cell is to
a. promote electron transport and the citric and fatty acid cycles.
b. separate and protect a cell from its surrounding environment.
c. break down toxic substances, and distribute carbohydrates and proteins.
d. break down protein, carbohydrates, acids, and foreign substances that may enter the cell.
separate and protect a cell from its surrounding environment
The part of the cell which houses the functions for cell expansion, growth, and replication
carried out is known as the
a. plasma membrane.
b. dendrites.
c. cytoplasm.
d. nucleus.
cytoplasm
The types of cells that are most affected by exposure to ionizing radiation are those that
a. reproduce slowly.
b. reproduce rapidly.
c. are tightly packed together.
d. are loosely packed together.
reproduce rapidly.
Which type of tissue is tightly packed together and serves as an interface tissue?
a. Epithelial.
b. Connective.
c. Nervous.
d. Muscle.
Epithelial
Which type of tissue is highly cellular and well supplied with blood vessels?
a. Epithelial.
b. Connective.
c. Nervous.
d. Muscle.
Muscle
Which type of tissue is responsible for coordinating and controlling many body activities?
a. Muscle.
b. Nervous.
c. Connective.
d. Epithelial.
Nervous
Considered the innermost layer of the eye, the membrane upon which images are received is
known as the
a. ciliary body.
b. choroid.
c. retina.
d. iris.
retina
Ultraviolet radiation can create a photochemical reaction in the very outside layer of the
eye, killing the cells there. Which best describes a potential effect of overexposure?
a. Sunburned eyeballs.
b. Collapsed sclera.
c. Burst retina.
d. Cataracts.
Sunburned eyeballs
The Eustachian tube is critical to the functioning of the ear because it
a. promotes drainage.
b. serves as a receptor for hearing.
c. conducts sound to the auditory nerve.
d. provides a means of equalizing pressure.
provides a means of equalizing pressure.
The organ of Corti is critical to the functioning of the ear because it
a. promotes drainage.
b. serves as a receptor for hearing.
c. conducts sound to the auditory nerve.
d. provides a means of equalizing pressure.
serves as a receptor for hearing.
Nearly every known variety of germs are prevented from passing through the skin’s surface
due to the
a. nerve endings in the dermis.
b. hornlike protein material called keratin.
c. overlapping arrangement of epidermal cells.
d. secretion of sebum by the sebaceous glands.
overlapping arrangement of epidermal cells.
When the skin gets cold, heat is conserved when the body
a. constricts capillaries to reduce the amount of blood at the skin’s surface.
b. dilates capillaries to let warm blood near the skin’s surface.
c. secretes perspiration to insulate the skin.
d. secretes sebum to conserve heat.
constricts capillaries to reduce the amount of blood at the skin’s surface
The main function of bones within the human body is to provide
a. a framework that supports and protects the soft organs of the body.
b. adjustments which contribute to joint stability.
c. and maintain homeostasis.
d. movement and support.
a framework that supports and protects the soft organs of the body
The function of the red marrow of the bones is to form
a. red blood cells only.
b. blood platelets and synovial fluid only.
c. red blood cells and white blood cells only.
d. red and white blood cells and blood platelets.
red and white blood cells and blood platelets.
The most radiation-sensitive cells in the body are in the bone marrow; as a result, when they
are exposed to intense irradiation,
a. normal replacement of circulating blood cells is impaired.
b. neuroglia cells can no longer conduct nerve impulses.
c. nerve cells are destroyed and cannot be replaced.
d. synovial fluid production is decreased.
normal replacement of circulating blood cells is impaired.
The muscular system is comprised of specialized cells called muscle fibers with the chief
function of
a. support.
b. connectivity.
c. joint stability.
d. contractibility.
contractibility
Smooth muscle
a. contracts slowly and rhythmically.
b. contracts strong and rhythmically.
c. is dependent upon neighboring muscle fibers.
d. acts independently of neighboring muscle fibers.
contracts slowly and rhythmically.
What two major body systems work together to allow the body to regulate and maintain
homeostasis?
a. Lymphatic and respiratory.
b. Endocrine and lymphatic.
c. Nervous and endocrine.
d. Muscular and nervous.
Nervous and endocrine.
Within the nervous system, highly specialized nerve cells that function by conducting nerve
impulses are known as
a. neuroglia.
b. dendrites.
c. neurons.
d. axial.
neurons
What is the main function of the central nervous system?
a. Controls the visceral motor nerve fibers.
b. Serves as the major signal receptor and integration site.
c. Transmits impulses from peripheral organs to the central nervous system.
d. Transmits impulses from the central nervous system out to the peripheral organs.
Serves as the major signal receptor and integration site
While central nervous system stimulants excite acetylcholine production, cholinesterase
appropriately neutralizes this effect; however, a nerve agent stimulant that inhibits cholinesterase
is known as
a. benzene.
b. acetone.
c. ethylene glycol.
d. organophosphate.
organophosphate
What two major body systems work together in the regulation of body activities?
a. Lymphatic and respiratory.
b. Endocrine and lymphatic.
c. Nervous and endocrine.
d. Muscular and nervous.
Nervous and endocrine.
Which is considered the master gland because of the effect it has on other glands?
a. Hypothalamus.
b. Pituitary.
c. Thyroid.
d. Adrenal.
Pituitary
The alpha cells in the pancreatic islets secrete the hormone glucagon in response to a
a. high concentration of glucose in the blood.
b. high concentration of insulin in the blood.
c. low concentration of glucose in the blood.
d. low concentration of insulin in the blood.
low concentration of glucose in the blood.
