Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

LSCI 202 > 3. Transcription > Flashcards

3. Transcription Flashcards

1
Q

RNA Synthesis Direction

A

3’ to 5’ of template

5’ to 3’ of new strand

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Ion active in RNA Polymerase

A

Mg 2+

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

mRNA

A

Messenger RNA

- Template for Translation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

tRNA

A

Transfer RNA

- Transfers amino acids to the right place

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

rRNA

A

Ribosomal RNA

- Structural components of ribosomes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

snRNA

A

small nuclear RNAs

- Variety of nuclear activity including splicing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

snoRNA

A

small nucleolar RNA

- Helps with modifying rRNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

miRNA

A

micro RNA

- Stop the translation of specific RNAs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

siRNA

A

small interfering RNA

- Mark RNA for degradation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

RNA Polymerase I

A

rRNA Production

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

RNA Polymerase II

A

mRNA Production

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

RNA Polymerase III

A

tRNA Production

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Process of Polymerase Activity in Bacteria

A
  1. RNA Polymerase holoenzyme is formed
  2. Sigma factor attracts DNA and binds at promoter
  3. DNA is bent and a closed complex is formed
  4. DNA is opened and an open complex is formed
  5. Scrunching starts
  6. RNA Polymerase proceeds down the stream until termination signal met
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

RNA Polymerase holoenzyme

A

RNA polymerase + sigma factor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Stabilization in open form

A

Sense(non-template) binds to the RNA polymerase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Scrunching

A

Bringing about 10 bp into the enzyme to synthesize RNA

Fails several times until elongation begins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Termination

A

Hairpin formation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Two specific promoter sequence in Prokaryotes

A
  • 10 nucleotides: TATAAT(TATA Box)

- 35 nucleotides: TTGACA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

TBP

  • Function
  • Position
A

Tata box Binding Protein

  • Recognizes the TATAAT sequence
  • In the TFIID Subunit
  • Bends the helix to create separation
20
Q

TFIID

A

Binds to TBP

Enables the binding of TFIIB

21
Q

TFIIB

A

The end of TFIIB recognizes TTGACA

Accurately locates RNA polymerase

22
Q

TFIIF

A

Stabilizes RNA polymerase interaction with TBP and TFIIB

Attracts TFIIE and TFIIH

23
Q

TFIIE

A

Attracts and regulates TFIIH

24
Q

TFIIH

A

Unwinds DNA at transcription start point
Phosphorylates the Ser5 at the CTD
Releases polymerase from promoter

25
Q

CTD

A

C-Terminal Domain

The “tail” of the polymerase that gets phosphorylated

26
Q

BRE

A

B Recognition Element
Eukaryote
-35
TFIIB

27
Q

TATA

A

Eukaryote -30

Prokaryote -10

28
Q

INR

A

Initiator Element
Eukryote
Start point
TFIID

29
Q

DPE

A

Downstream promoter element
Eukaryote
+30
TFIID

30
Q

Coiling of DNA in Transcription

A

Negative supercoiling is left behind (upstream) which makes it easier for new polymerase activity to begin

31
Q

Caps on RNA

A

5’ Methyl G cap

3’ Poly A tail

32
Q

Proteins on the CTD

A

Capping Proteins
Splicing Proteins
Polyadenylation Proteins

33
Q

Start of an intron

A

Usually GU

34
Q

End of an intron

A

Almost always AG

35
Q

snRNP

A

small nuclear Ribonuclear Proteins

36
Q

Splicing Process

A
  1. U1 binds to 5’(upstream) splice junction / BBP & U2AF recognize the branch-point
  2. U2 snRNP replaces BBP and U2AF
  3. U4/U6 & U5 enters. U4/U6 complex is separated and U6 replaces U1. This creates an active site for first phosphoyl-transferase reaction U1 and U4 leaves.
  4. The RNA-RNA rearrangement produces site for the second phosphoryl-transferase activity and a lariat is released
  5. EJC is added
37
Q

BBP

A

Branch-point Binding Protein

38
Q

EJC

A

Exon Junction Complex

39
Q

Cryptic Splicing Signals

A

Hidden factors within an exon that causes the splicing within an exon

40
Q

Poly A tail signaling

A

20~30 Nucleotides before the actual cut

41
Q

CstF

A

Cleavage stimulation Factor

42
Q

CPSF

A

Cleavage and Polyadenylation Specificity Factor

43
Q

Termination of Transcription

A
  1. Polyadenylation signal is recognized by CstF and CPSF
  2. PAP is attracted by these proteins and RNA is cleaved by other proteins.
  3. Poly-A-tail is synthesized
  4. Poly-A-binding proteins bind
44
Q

Termination of Transcription

A
  1. Polyadenylation signal is recognized by CstF and CPSF
  2. PAP is attracted by these proteins and RNA is cleaved by other proteins.
  3. Poly-A-tail is synthesized
  4. Poly-A-binding proteins bind
45
Q

PABP

A

Poly-A-tail Binding Protein

46
Q

PAP

A

Poly-A Polymerase

LSCI 202 (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions