3. Stoichiometry Flashcards
3.1 Formulae 3.2 Relative masses of atoms and molecules 3.3 The mole and the Avogadro constant
Mole (number)
6.02 * 10²³
Solute
A soluble solid that has dissolved in a solvent.
The smalle component of a solution.
Solution
The name given to a liquid substance made up of a solvent and solute dissolved in it.
Solvent
A liquid substance within which a solid can dissolve.
The larger component of a solution
Saturated Solution
A solution containing the maximum concentration of a solute dissolved in the solvent at a specific temperature (cannot dissolve anyomre solid)
Molar Gas Volume
Under the same temperature and pressure conditions, equal volumes of different gases will contain an equal number of particles.
1 mole of a gas occupies a volume of 24 dm³ (or 24 000 cm³) at room temperature and pressure (r.t.p.).
How to calculate the number of moles of a gas at r.t.p.
Number of moles (n) = gas volume (V) / 24
dm³ –> cm³
dm³ * 1000
cm³ –> dm³
cm³ / 1000
How many dm³ or cm³ in a litre?
1 dm³ = 1 litre = 1000 cm³
How do you calculate the amount of moles of a substance there is?
Use the fomula…
Amount of substance (mol) = Mass (g) / Molar mass (g/mol)
Molar mass
The molar mass is the mass of one mole, so it is the same as the relative molecular mass, M r , expressed in grams per mole.
Molar calculations with mass
Amount of substance (Number of moles mol) = mass (g) / Molar mass (g/mol)