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Sociology in Film > #3: Race and Gender > Flashcards

#3: Race and Gender Flashcards

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Sociology 101 flashcards
1
Q

RACISM AND ETHNIC INEQUALITY

What is Race?

A

Race is a social construct, produced through racialization!

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2
Q

RACISM AND ETHNIC INEQUALITY

What is a Racialized Group?

A

A category of people who have been singled out, by others or themselves, as inferior or superior, on the basis of subjectively selected physical characteristics like skin colour or eye shape.

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3
Q

What is a Majority Group (dominant):

A

A group with advantaged access to resources/rights in society. and can be determined by ethnicity, gender, class, disability and so on.

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4
Q

What is Minority Group (subordinate):

A

A group that is disadvantaged, subjected to discrimination, regards itself as an object of discrimination. ex. people of colour, disability, sexual orientation, and gender.

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5
Q

What is “White Privilege”?

A

White Privilege: privilege that accrues to people who have “white” skin, trace their ancestry to Europe, and think of themselves as European Canadians.

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6
Q

What is Internalized Dominance?

A

Internalized Dominance: All the Ways that white people learn they are normal, feel included, and do not think of themselves as other or different.

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7
Q

What does Othering mean?

A

Othering is the social construction of “The Other”
Example: Us. vs. Them
The Other is excluded

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8
Q

Racialization produces a category of “others” who are excluded based on their _____.

A

race

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9
Q

What is Racism?

A

Racism is a set of attitudes, beliefs, and practices used to justify the superior treatment of one racialized group and the inferior treatment of another racialized group.

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10
Q

What is Ethnocentrism?

A

Ethnocentrism is the assumption that one’s own group and way of like are SUPERIOR to all others (positive and negative forms)

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11
Q

What is a Generalization?

A

Ideas held about a group of people that are open to revision and can be rejected

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12
Q

What are Stereotypes?

A

Stereotypes are overgeneralizations about the appearance, behaviour, or other characteristics of all members of a group.

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13
Q

What is Prejudice?

A

Is a negative attitude about people based on characteristics such as racialization (and gender, age, etc.)

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14
Q

What is Individual Discrimination?

A

Individual discrimination consists of one on one acts by members of the dominant group that harm members of the subordinate group or their property.

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15
Q

What is Institutional Discrimination?

A

Institutional Discrimination consists of the day to day practices of ORGANIZATIONS and INSTITUTIONS that have discriminatory effects.

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16
Q

Interpersonal Racism ______vs.______

A

Explicit vs. Implicit

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17
Q

Institutional Racism

Systematic (Intentional) Racism

A

Various organizational practices that discriminate

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18
Q

Institutional Racism

Systemic (Unintentional) Racism

A

Embedded in organizational design.

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19
Q

Examples of Societal Racism/Everyday Racism

A

Colour Symbols
Active
Passive
Culture

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20
Q

Democratic Racism

A

Tensions between equality of opportunity and inequality of condition with respect to race.

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21
Q

PERSPECTIVES- INTERACTIONIST

Racialized Socialization

A

Racialized Socialization: Social interaction containing messages and practices about the nature of racialized groups, e.g.

1) personal and group identity
2) Inter-group and Individual relationships
3) One’s position in social stratification

White “racial” bonding: drawing “us-them” boundaries.

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22
Q

Structural Inequality

A

patterns of exclusion from privilege

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23
Q

Functionalist Perspective

how groups interact to preserve the system: (3 A’s)

A

Assimilation
Amalgamation
Anglo-conformity model

24
Q

Functionalist Perspective

Ethnic pluralism:

A

Ethnic Pluralism: Coexistence of diverse racialized/ethnic groups with separate identities and cultures with a society.

25
Q

Functionalist Perspective

Segregation:

A

Segregation: The spatial and social seperation of categories of people by racialization, ethnicity, class, gender, religion, or other characteristics.

26
Q

Perspectives- Conflict

Class Perspective:

A

The capitalist class benefits from a split labour market where the economy is divided into two employment sectors:

  • secure higher paid for dominant group members and
  • insecure lower paid work for minority group members
27
Q

Perspectives- Conflict

Internal Colonialism:

A

Internal Colonialism: Members of a racialized/ethnic group are conquered, or colonized and forcibly placed under the economic and political control of the dominant group, eg. treatment of Indigenous people.

28
Q

Perspectives- Conflict

Genocide:

A

Genocide: the deliberate, systematic killing of an entire people or nation.

29
Q

Anti-Racist Feminist Theorizing

Gendered Racism:

A

Interactive effect of racism and sexism in exploiting indigenous and visible minority women.

30
Q

Anti-Racist Feminist Theorizing

Intersectional Theorizing:

A

a move toward an understanding of the myriad ways in which oppressions are linked.

31
Q

GENDER INEQUALITY

Sexism:

A

The subordination of one sex, female, based on the assumed superiority of the other sex, male.

32
Q

GENDER INEQUALITY

Patriarchy:

A

a heirarchical system of social organization in which cultural, political, and economic structures are controlled by DICK (men) lol

33
Q

Sex:

A

Biological diff between males and females

34
Q

Intersexed:

A

having unrecognizable genitalia or both male and female genitalia

35
Q

Gender:

A

SOCIALLY CONSTRUCTED sets of behaviours and characteristics associated with one’s sex.

36
Q

Andocentricity:

A

The practice of putting males at the CENTER.

37
Q

Gender roles:

A

rights, responsibilities expectations and relationships of women and men in society

38
Q

Gender ideology:

A

ideas of masculinity and femininity that are held to be valid in a particular society and time (social basis)

39
Q

Gendered divisions of labour:

A

the process whereby productive tasks are separated on the bases of gender.

40
Q

Gender Inequality is maintained by :

______ sexism and _______sexism

A

individual : anti female prejudice by individuals

Institutional: discrimination engaged at the organizational level

41
Q

Examples of Gender Inequality situations

A 
Gender segregated work
Wage Gap
Intersectionality
Sexual Harrassment
Violence against Women
42
Q

Contemporary Gender Inequality

Glass Ceiling:

A

Glass Ceiling: Invisible barrier constructed by male management to prevent women from reaching TOP positions

43
Q

Contemporary Gender Inequality

Glass Escalator:

A

Glass Escalator: Upward movement of men in women’s occupations disproportionate to their numbers

44
Q

Contemporary Gender Inequality

Double Shift:

A

Double Shift: Women are wage earners and also do most of unpaid household work, now recorded in the census.

45
Q

Perspectives: Interactionist

Linguistic sexism:

A

Communication that ignores, devalues, or makes sex objects of women. (whore, slut, cunt)

46
Q

Perspectives: Interactionist

Genderlects:

A

Men’s and Women’s styles and contents of Language differ.

47
Q

Perspectives: Interactionist

Non-Verbal Communication:

A

eg. men control more space than women.

48
Q

Perspectives: Functionalist

Early ‘essentialist’ thinking:

A

Men are more suited to instrumental (ie. goal oriented) tasks. Women perform expressive (emotionally oriented) tasks.

49
Q

Perspectives: Conflict

Social life is a continuous struggle in which the powerful seek to control resources
Gender Inequality results from…..?

A

capitalism and private ownership of the means of production

-a result of structural and historical relations.

50
Q

Perspectives: Feminist

Socialist:

A

Socialist: men gain control over property and women

51
Q

Perspectives: Feminist

Radical:

A

Radical: Men’s oppression of women is deliberately supported by media and religion

52
Q

Perspectives: Feminist

Liberal:

A

Liberal: Inequality is rooted in gender- role socialization

53
Q

Perspectives Feminist:

Black, Indigenous, and other women of colour face inequalities compounded by __________, ________, and ______.

A

Racialization
Class
Gender

54
Q

Empowerment

Continuum of Power:

A

Continuum of power: Ranges from domination to empowerment.

55
Q

Empowerment

Some ways of conceptualizing power? (3 ways)

A

power over
power to
power with

Sociology in Film (5 decks)

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