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Environmental Impacts of Agriculture > 3 - Presentation Content > Flashcards

3 - Presentation Content Flashcards

1
Q

How do herbicides affect butterflies?

A

Through the mortality or change in physiology of their larval food plants.

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2
Q

What are some strategies to assist butterfly abundance?

A
  • Conservation headland management
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3
Q

What can water quality in wetlands be adversely impacted by?

A

Nutrient runoff from agriculture.

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4
Q

What can soil Nutrient Overloads cause?

A
  • Decreased oxygen levels
  • Decreased diversity in Macroinvertebrate species’
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5
Q

What are some benefits of cover crops?

A
  • Increase soil organic carbon
  • Reduce erosion
  • Support mycorrhizae
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6
Q

When did the Aral Sea drop dramatically?

A

1960 - 2010

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7
Q

What kind of practices furthered the sea level drop of the Aral Sea?

A

Unsustainable irrigation practices

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8
Q

How does conservation tillage contribute to lake water quality?

A

Because fertilizers sit on top of soil, making it more vulnerable to runoff

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9
Q

What is human behaviour shaped by?

A
  • Values
  • Beliefs
  • Social Factors
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10
Q

The perception of organic food is driven by:

A
  • Health
  • Ecological
  • Politcal factors
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11
Q

What is a key driver of methane emissions?

A

Dry herbaceous matter

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12
Q

What is one method of reducing methane per kg of milk?

A

Replacing dry forage with feed concentrate

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13
Q

When were the Haplochromine extirpated?

A

1987

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14
Q

What was the main cause of Haplochormine extirpation?

A

Nile perch

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15
Q

What are some benefits of mulching?

A
  • Increase crop growth yield
  • Improves soil activity of earthworms
  • Protecting plant roots
  • Protects soil against crusting
  • Soil moisture
  • Regulating soil temperature
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16
Q

What are some reasons for bird extinction?

A
  • Increased human-mediated disturbances
  • International bird trade
  • Use of pesticides
17
Q

What is the main cause of bird extinction?

A

Habitat loss

18
Q

What are the main drivers of soil erosion?

A
  • Deforestation
  • Overgrazing
  • Wind and water
19
Q

What is the major anthropogenic driver of soil erosion?

A

Land use and climate change intense hydrological cycle

20
Q

What are some benefits of rotational grazing?

A
  • Grass & plants recover
  • Increases soil organic content
  • Species recovery
  • Recover natural ecosystem
  • Water filtration
21
Q

Desertification reduces agricultural _________, therefore, affecting the _________ of those living in the area.

A

Yields, food security

22
Q

What does desertification increase?

A

The effects of drought and climate change

23
Q

What are Transgenic Organisms?

A

Those which have received sequences of DNA by artificial means, followed by integration of one or more of the novel sequences into their chromosomal DNA

24
Q

What is the FCR?

A

Food Conversion Ratio

25
Q

What is the GH?

A

Growth Hormone

26
Q

What are 4 main applications of GM fish?

A
  • Freeze Resistance
  • Diseases Resistance
  • Growth Enhancement
  • Salinity Tolerance
27
Q

Some butterfly larvae fail to __________ or _____________ the active ingredient in insecticides.

A

Excrete, metabolize

28
Q

What are 4 negative effects of Deforestation and Soil Degradation?

A
  • Biodiversity Loss
  • Habitat Loss
  • Increase in GHG
  • Poor Soil Quality
29
Q

True or False: Phosphorus from hogs and cattle produce as equal to that of 10 humans.

A

True

30
Q

What can food waste solutions include?

A
  • Consumer Education
  • Targeted Taxation
  • Programming
31
Q

What 3 things are economically-friendly alternatives to agrochemical inputs?

A
  • Crop Residues
  • Farmyard Manure
  • Vermicomposts
32
Q

True or False: Organic systems can maintain concentrations of nitrogen and total organic soil matter comparable to conventional systems.

A

True

33
Q

What a 4 main strategies to mitigating groundwater pollution?

A
  • Control Fertilizer Inputs
  • Environmental Policies
  • Improved Irrigation Methods
  • Proper Rotation Systems
34
Q

What are 3 good alternatives to slash and burn procedures?

A
  • Fertilizer
  • Green Manure
  • Lime
35
Q

Who is the ICRAF?

A

International Centre for Research in Agroforestry

36
Q

What 3 benefits did the ICRAF strive to make?

A
  • Less land clearing
  • Reduced biodiversity loss
  • Stored carbon to remain stored

Environmental Impacts of Agriculture (9 decks)

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