3 - Presentation Content Flashcards
How do herbicides affect butterflies?
Through the mortality or change in physiology of their larval food plants.
What are some strategies to assist butterfly abundance?
- Conservation headland management
What can water quality in wetlands be adversely impacted by?
Nutrient runoff from agriculture.
What can soil Nutrient Overloads cause?
- Decreased oxygen levels
- Decreased diversity in Macroinvertebrate species’
What are some benefits of cover crops?
- Increase soil organic carbon
- Reduce erosion
- Support mycorrhizae
When did the Aral Sea drop dramatically?
1960 - 2010
What kind of practices furthered the sea level drop of the Aral Sea?
Unsustainable irrigation practices
How does conservation tillage contribute to lake water quality?
Because fertilizers sit on top of soil, making it more vulnerable to runoff
What is human behaviour shaped by?
- Values
- Beliefs
- Social Factors
The perception of organic food is driven by:
- Health
- Ecological
- Politcal factors
What is a key driver of methane emissions?
Dry herbaceous matter
What is one method of reducing methane per kg of milk?
Replacing dry forage with feed concentrate
When were the Haplochromine extirpated?
1987
What was the main cause of Haplochormine extirpation?
Nile perch
What are some benefits of mulching?
- Increase crop growth yield
- Improves soil activity of earthworms
- Protecting plant roots
- Protects soil against crusting
- Soil moisture
- Regulating soil temperature
What are some reasons for bird extinction?
- Increased human-mediated disturbances
- International bird trade
- Use of pesticides
What is the main cause of bird extinction?
Habitat loss
What are the main drivers of soil erosion?
- Deforestation
- Overgrazing
- Wind and water
What is the major anthropogenic driver of soil erosion?
Land use and climate change intense hydrological cycle
What are some benefits of rotational grazing?
- Grass & plants recover
- Increases soil organic content
- Species recovery
- Recover natural ecosystem
- Water filtration
Desertification reduces agricultural _________, therefore, affecting the _________ of those living in the area.
Yields, food security
What does desertification increase?
The effects of drought and climate change
What are Transgenic Organisms?
Those which have received sequences of DNA by artificial means, followed by integration of one or more of the novel sequences into their chromosomal DNA
What is the FCR?
Food Conversion Ratio
What is the GH?
Growth Hormone
What are 4 main applications of GM fish?
- Freeze Resistance
- Diseases Resistance
- Growth Enhancement
- Salinity Tolerance
Some butterfly larvae fail to __________ or _____________ the active ingredient in insecticides.
Excrete, metabolize
What are 4 negative effects of Deforestation and Soil Degradation?
- Biodiversity Loss
- Habitat Loss
- Increase in GHG
- Poor Soil Quality
True or False: Phosphorus from hogs and cattle produce as equal to that of 10 humans.
True
What can food waste solutions include?
- Consumer Education
- Targeted Taxation
- Programming
What 3 things are economically-friendly alternatives to agrochemical inputs?
- Crop Residues
- Farmyard Manure
- Vermicomposts
True or False: Organic systems can maintain concentrations of nitrogen and total organic soil matter comparable to conventional systems.
True
What a 4 main strategies to mitigating groundwater pollution?
- Control Fertilizer Inputs
- Environmental Policies
- Improved Irrigation Methods
- Proper Rotation Systems
What are 3 good alternatives to slash and burn procedures?
- Fertilizer
- Green Manure
- Lime
Who is the ICRAF?
International Centre for Research in Agroforestry
What 3 benefits did the ICRAF strive to make?
- Less land clearing
- Reduced biodiversity loss
- Stored carbon to remain stored
