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3 OSCE > 3 OSCE > Flashcards

3 OSCE Flashcards

1
Q

PPE for hand hygiene order on and off

A

On:
1. Apron
2. Mask
3. Visor
4. Gloves

Off:
1. Gloves
2. Visor
3. Mask
4. Apron

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2
Q

What are the 2 different types of hand hygiene?

A

Hand hygiene using a non-microbial liquid soap and water
Hand rubbing by applying an alcohol based hand rub

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3
Q

What are the landmarks on an upper cast?

A

Hamular notch
Maxillary tuberosity
Crest of alveolar ridge
Incisive papilla
Buccal frenum
Vestibular sulcus
Vibrating line
Palatine fovea

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4
Q

What are the landmarks of a lower cast?

A

Crest of alveolar ridge
Vestibular sulcus
Buccal frenum
Lingual frenum
Retromolar pad
Pear shaped pad
Lingual pouch/mylohyoid area

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5
Q

What provides support in upper and lower arches?

A
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6
Q

Post op instructions after an extraction

A
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7
Q

5 steps of smoking cessation?

A

Ask
Advise
Assess
Assist
Arrange

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8
Q

Describe stable angina

A

Chest pain or discomfort that often occurs with activity/stress and is relieved by rest

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9
Q

Describe unstable angina

A

Lacks of blood flow and oxygen that may lead to a heart attack

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10
Q

Describe an MI

A

Occurs when blood flow to a part of your herat is blocked for a long enough time that part of the heart muscle is damaged or dies
Pain is more severe and persistent than angina, not relieved by rest and can cause death of heart muscle

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11
Q

How should you check a patients breathing?

A

Fund causes such as infection or inflammation
Recognise - looks, listen and feel
Check breathing rate
Tx - 15L oxygen, bronchodilators, posture

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12
Q

How should you check a patients circulation?

A

Causes - arrhythmia/ACS/HF
Check pulse
Treat cause
Elevate legs

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13
Q

How should you check for disability?

A

Check for causes - drugs, injury, hypoglycaemia
Recognise it - ACVPU, GCS
Treat - optimise ABC

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14
Q

How should you use oxygen to treat a patient?

A

15L via a non breathing mask
Give to anyone who is sick

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15
Q

How may anaphylaxis present?

A

A - swelling, stridor
B - increased rate, wheeze
C - increased rate, hypotension
D - LOC
E - rash, swelling

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16
Q

How should anaphylaxis be treated?

A

Adrenaline - 1:1000 0.5mg
IM injection
Only if life threatening

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17
Q

How may angina or an MI present?

A

A - talking
B - increased rate
C - increased
D - alert
E - pale, clammy, central chest pain

18
Q

How is angina/MI treated?

A

GTN spray 400 micrograms per dose
If MI:
Aspirin 300 milligrams crushed or chewed

19
Q

How may asthma present?

A

A - difficult to complete sentences
B - increased rate with wheeze
C - increased rate
D - alert
E - tripods

20
Q

How is an asthma attack treated?

A

Salbutamol 100 micrograms per actuation
Spacer device when appropriate

21
Q

How is mild choking treated?

A

Encourage cough
Continue to check for deterioration to ineffective cough or until obstruction relieved

22
Q

How is severe choking treated?

A

If conscious:
5 back blows
5 abdominal thrusts
If unconscious:
Start CPR

23
Q

How may hypoglycaemia present?

A

A - initially talking
B - initially increased
C - initially increased
D - initially alert
E - irritable, confused, pale

24
Q

How is hypoglycaemia treated?

A

Glucose
Glucagon 1 milligram IM injection

25
Q

How may seizures and fits present?

A

A - compromised
C - unresponsive
E - seizure activity, incontenence

26
Q

How are seizures and fits treated?

A

If repeated or prolonged consider midazolam 10 milligrams via the buccal mucosa

27
Q

How does syncope present?

A

A - compromised
B - reduced
C - reduced rate and pressure
D - unresponsive
E - pale, clammy

28
Q

How is syncope treated?

A

Elevate legs

29
Q

How should you check a patients airway?

A

Find causes of obstruction
If patient conscious?
Infection, inflammation or swelling
Recognise by talking or sounds
Treat with triple manoeuvre and adjuncts

30
Q

How do you give an IM injection?

A

Z track technique
Hand hygiene and gloves
Wipe area with alcohol wipe and let dry
Pull skin so it is slightly tight
Insert needle at 90ºangle
Aspirate
Inject slowly
Remove needle
Cover site with gauze
Dispose of needle

31
Q

What are the steps of giving OHI?

A

Talk with the patient about causes of periodontal disease and discuss any barriers to plaque removal
Brush twice a day once at night and one other time during the day
Brush at a 45ºangle to tooth in circular motion and focus on 2/3 teeth at a time
Use a plea sized amount of at least 1,450ppm fluoride toothpaste
Spit, don’t rinse
Floss
Fluoride mouthwash at time different to tooth brushing eg after a meal
Ask patient to practice
Make a plan
Provide support at subsequent visits

32
Q

What irrigants are used in endo?

A

EDTA 17% - removes smear layer
Sodium hypochlorite 3% - disinfects and dissolves pulpal remnants, disrupts organic portion of the smear layer
Chlorhexidine 0.2% - disinfects canal

33
Q

Why are paper points used in endo?

A

To ensure the canal is dry before medicating or obturating

34
Q

Describe reversible pulpitis

A

Vital, inflamed pulp
Responsive to pulpal testing
Caused by exposed dentine, caries and deep restorations
Following management of the aetiology, pulp can reverse to health

35
Q

Describe symptomatic irreversible pulpitis

A

Vital, inflamed pulp
Pulpal inflammation cannot heal
Sharp pain on thermal stimulus - lingers 30s or longer
Pain may be spontaneous
Analgesics typically ineffective
No TTP as inflammation hasn’t reached periapical tissues

36
Q

Describe asymptomatic irreversible pulpitis

A

Vital, inflamed pulp
Pulpal inflammation cannot heal
No clinical symptoms
May have trauma or caries that would result in exposure following removal

37
Q

Describe necrotic pulp?

A

Non vital
Asymptomatic
No response to thermal testing

38
Q

Describe symptomatic periapical periodontitis?

A

Inflammation of apical periodontium
Pain on biting, percussion and palpation - indicative of degenerating pulp
May be periapical radiolucency

39
Q

Describe asymptomatic periapical periodontitis

A

Inflammation and destruction of apical periodontium of pulpal origin
Appears as apical radiolucency
No presence of clinical symptoms

40
Q

Describe an acute apical abscess

A

Inflammatory reaction to pulpal infection and necrosis
Rapid onset with spontaneous pain and extreme TTP
Pus formation and swelling
May be no radiographic signs
Malaise, fever and lymphadenopathy

41
Q

Describe a chronic apical abscess

A

Inflammatory reaction to pulpal infection and necrosis
Little/no discomfort, gradual onset
Intermittent discharge of pus through sinus tract
Periapical/periradicular radiolucency

42
Q

Describe chronic osteitis

A

Diffuse radiopaque lesion
Represents a localised bony reaction to a low grade inflammatory stimulus
Usually seen at apex of tooth

3 OSCE (1 decks)

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